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Unit 1-8 Vocab
All words Ch 1-8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| archaic | adjective meaning - No longer used or applicable; ancient |
| archaic origin | Greek - arkhaios |
| argot | noun meaning - the informal, specialized vocabulary or expressions of a particular group |
| connotation | noun meaning - ideas or meanings suggested by a word; associations that go beyond the literal meaning |
| connotation origin | Latin - con "together" notare "to mark" |
| denotation | noun meaning - the most direct or specific meaning of a word |
| denotation | Latin - de "completely" notare "to mark" |
| idiom | noun meaning - an expression with special meaning that cannot noun meaning be understood from the meanings of the individual words; nonliteral meaning |
| idiom origin | Greek- idios |
| jargon | noun meaning a specialized vocabulary of a profession or trade; nonsensical communication |
| pidgin | noun meaning a specialized form of speech developed from two or more languages |
| semantics | noun meaning the study of meaning and word interpretation; the exact meaning of a word |
| semantics origin | Greek sema "sign" |
| standard | adjective meaning conforming to the established language used by educated speakers noun meaning something established as a measure of quality |
| standard origin | Latin sta "stand" |
| vernacular | noun meaning everyday language, dialect commonly spoken |
| atlas | noun meaning a book or a bound collection of maps |
| atlas origin | Atlas was a mythical Greek giant who had to hold up the world |
| epicure | noun meaning a person with refined taste |
| epicure origin | from Greek philosopher Epicurus |
| galvanize | verb meaning to stimulate or urge into action |
| galvanize origin | named after an Italian scientist Luigi Galvani |
| jovial | jolly; filled with good cheer |
| jovial origin | Latin Iovis "Jupiter" king of the Roman gods |
| nemesis | noun meaning a source of harm or ruin; cannot be defeated One who inflicts vengeance |
| nemesis origin | Greek goddess of righteous revenge |
| Pyrrhic victory | noun meaning a victory that is offset by staggering losses |
| Pyrrhic victory origin | Greek Pyrrhus king in ancient Greece |
| quixotic | adjective meaning dedicated to unreachable goals; idealistic but not practical |
| quixotic origin | from a 1604 spanish novel Don Quixote |
| saturnine | adjective meaning gloomy or sullen |
| saturnine origin | Roman god of agriculture Saturn |
| Sisyphean | adjective meaning requiring endless effort; without result or success |
| Sisyphean origin | Greek mythological king Sisyphus |
| solecism | noun meaning an improper use of language or a mistake in manners or behavior |
| solecism origin | Soloi an Athenian colony where an improper dialect was spoken in Greece |
| behold | verb meaning to look upon |
| discernment | excellent judgment and insight; skill in perceiving |
| discernment origin | Latin dis "apart" cernere "to separate carefully" |
| envision | to picture in the mind; to imagine |
| envision origin | Latin in "in" vision "to see" |
| foresee | to see or know ahead of time |
| foresee origin | Old English fore "in front" +see |
| gape | verb meaning to stare in amazement |
| impressionistic | adjective meaning highly personal individual response to experience reflecting a style of painting in late 19th century |
| impressionistic origin | Latin |
| myopia | noun meaning lack of planning for the future nearsightedness; distant objects are blurred |
| myopia origin | Greek muein "to close the eyes" ops "eyes" |
| perceptive | adjective meaning marked by understanding or awareness; sharp; sensitive |
| perceptive origin | Latin percipere "to grasp with the mind" |
| premonition | adjective meaning a feeling that something will happen in the future; advanced warning |
| premonition origin | Latin pre "before" monere "to warn" |
| subliminal | adjective meaning below the threshold of conscious thought able to bring about a response |
| subliminal origin | Latin sub "under" limin "limit" |
| cessation | noun meaning coming to an end; a halt |
| cessation origin | Latin cessare "to stop" |
| commence | verb meaning to begin |
| commence origin | Latin initiare "to begin" |
| deter | verb meaning to prevent or discourage from acting, by means of fear or doubt |
| deter origin | Latin de "away" terrere "to frighten" |
| hamper | verb meaning to prevent from moving freely; to limit noun meaning a large basket usually with a cover |
| obstruction | noun meaning something that blocks or gets in the way |
| obstruction origin | Latin on "against" struere "to pile up" |
| preclude | verb meaning to make impossible or unlikely; to prevent |
| preclude origin | Latin pre "before" claudere "to close" |
| procrastination | verb meaning to delay; to put off doing something |
| procrastination origin | Latin pro "forward" crastinus "tomorrow" |
| scuttle | verb to run or move with short hurried movements |
| subside | verb to sink to lower or more normal level; to become less active or intense |
| subside origin | Latin sub "below" sidere "to settle" |
| thwart | verb meaning to prevent from taking place; frustrate or block |
| thwart origin | Old Norse thvert "transverse" |
| blight | verb to have a negative effect on; to ruin noun something that ruins or greatly harms |
| blight origin | Old English worthless |
| cataclysm | noun meaning an intense and violent disaster or change |
| cataclysm origin | Greek kataklysmos "flood" |
| decomposition | noun the process of rotting, breaking down, or disintegration |
| decomposition origin | Latin de "opposite of" com "together" ponere "to put" |
| eradication | noun the act of tearing ot from the roots or of eliminating as if tearing out by the roots |
| eradication origin | Latin ex "out" radix "root" |
| havoc | noun widespread destruction and devastation; chaos and disorder |
| havoc origin | Old French havot "plundering" |
| mar | verb to inflict damage or spoil the quality of |
| mar origin | Old English merran "to impede" |
| obliterate | verb to wipe out completely; to do away with, leaving no trace |
| obliterate origin | Latin oblitterare "to erase" |
| pugnacious | adjective combative, eager for a fight |
| pugnacious origin | Latin pugnare "to fight" |
| pulverize | verb to pound, crush, or grind into powder or dust |
| pulverize origin | Latin pulvis "dust" |
| stagnant | adjective stale and foul because of lack of movement |
| stagnant origin | Latin stagnum "swamp" |
| bland | adjective calming or soothing; not spicy or irritating; lacking flavor. Dull or boring |
| bland origin | Latin blandus "soothing" |
| culinary | adjective meaning related to cooking |
| culinary origin | Latin culina "kitchen" |
| cutlery | noun meaning utensils used for eating, such as knives, forks and spoons |
| cutlery origin | Old French coutel "knife" |
| devour | verb meaning to consume or eat up greedily or enthusiastically |
| devour origin | Latin devovare "to swallow up" |
| morsel | noun meaning a very small piece; a small treat |
| morsel origin | Latin mordere "to bite" |
| pungent | adjective meaning having a sharp strong taste or smell |
| pungent origin | Latin pungere "to sting" |
| quaff | verb to drink heartily and deeply |
| ravenous | adjective meaning extremely hungry |
| ravenous origin | Old French raviner "to take by force" |
| savory | adjective meaning pleasing to taste or smell; flavorful; spicy or salty but not sweet |
| savory origin | Latin saporare "flavor" |
| simmer | verb to cook gently in a liquid just at or below the boiling point. to be pent up with emotion |
| accolade | noun meaning great praise; an award |
| accolade origin | French accolade "an embrace" |
| adulation | noun meaning adoration or excessive praise or flattery |
| adulation origin | Latin adulare "to flatter" |
| anathema | noun meaning something or someone that is greatly hated and avoided |
| anathema origin | Greek ana "against" tithenai "to put" |
| commend | verb meaning to give approval or praise |
| commend origin | Latin commendare "to recommend" or "to entrust" |
| critique | noun meaning a detailed review; an evaluation verb meaning to review, discuss or evaluate |
| critique origin | Greek kritike "art of criticism" |
| eulogy | noun meaning a tribute spoken or written praise for someone who has passes |
| eulogy origin | Greek eu "good" log "speech" |
| homage | noun meaning publicly expressed honor or respect |
| homage origin | Latin homo "man" |
| laudable | adjective meaning worthy of praise and honor |
| laudable origin | Latin laudere "to praise" |
| quibble | verb to criticize, argue or raise objections over something noun an unimportant complaint |
| reproach | verb meaning to criticize or express disapproval |
| reproach origin | Latin re "back" prope "near" |
| apologist | noun meaning a person who speaks in defense of a person, idea or a position |
| apologist origin | Greek apologia "a speech in defense" |
| dissuade | verb meaning to discourage from doing something through persuasion |
| dissuade origin | Latin dis "not" suadere "to advise" |
| dupe | verb to take advantage of noun someone tricked or taken advantage of |
| dupe origin | Old French huppe "a foolish looking bird" |
| fallacy | noun meaning a false belief; faulty or illogical reasoning |
| fallacy origin | Latin fallere "to deceive" |
| imply | verb to hint; to suggest indirectly |
| imply origin | Latin in "in" plic "fold" |
| indisputable | adjective meaning beyond doubt or question |
| indisputable origin | Latin in "not" disputare "to dispute" |
| infer | verb to draw a conclusion from evidence |
| infer origin | Latin in "not" ferre "to bring" |
| red herring | noun something that draws attention away from the main issue |
| refute | verb to prove to be false or invalid; to deny the accuracy or truth of |
| refute origin | Latin re "against" future "to put forth" |
| substantiate | verb meaning to support with evidence |
| substantiate origin | Latin sub "under" stare "to stand" |
Created by:
MsGilbertBHS
Popular English Vocabulary sets