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Chemistry--Genoa
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| atomic mass | the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| physical property | a property that can be observed or measured without changing the matter's identity |
| physical change | a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance |
| chemical property | describes matter based on its ability to change into new matter that has different properties |
| chemical change | happens when one or more substances are changed into new substances that have new and different properties |
| atom | the smallest unit of an element/matter that has the properties of that element |
| electron | a subatomic particle that has a negative charge |
| nucleus | an atom's central region which is made up of protons and neutrons |
| proton | a subatomic particle that has a postive charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom |
| neutron | a subatomic particle that has no charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| element | a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means |
| metal | an element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity well |
| nonmetal | an element that conducts heat and electricity poorly |
| molecule | two or more elements chemically bonded; can be the same element or different elements (O2, H2O) |
| compound | a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds |
| mixture | a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined |
| exothermic | a chemical reaction in which heat is released to the surroundings; (temperature increases) |
| endothermic | a chemical reaction that requires heat; (temperature decreases) |
| precipitate | a solid that is produced as a result of a chemical reaction in a solution of liquids |
| Aristotle | a Greek scholar who thought all matter was made of only 4 elements: earth, water, fire, air |
| Democritus | a Greek scholar who was the first to use the word "atom" meaning "uncuttable" |
| Bohr | man who determined electrons move in different energy levels called "shells" |
| Chadwick | man who discovered the neutron |
| Dalton | man who determined compounds form by combining atoms of different elements; first to start using Democritus' word "atom" again in the 1800s |
| Rutherford | man who discovered the proton and nucleus and that most of an atom is empty space |
| Thomson | man who discovered electrons |
Created by:
mrsgilbert
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