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Chapter 3

Scientific Measurement

QuestionAnswer
What is measurement? a quantity that has a # and unit
What is accuracy? correctness
What is precision? repeatability
What is scientific notation? makes very small or large #s manageable, coefficient between 1-10.
Rules +/-: exponents must be the same x: add exponents division: subtract exponents
What are significant figures? in measurement all digits that are known plus the last digit
What determines if a digit is significant? Rules! 1. All nonzero digits are significant 2. All zeros between nonzero digits (sandwich zeros) are significant 3. Leading zeros are NOT significant 4. Trailing zeros: significant if there is a decimal in the # NOT significant, if there is no decimal
What is error? experimental value-accepted value
What is percent error? Error/accepted value x 100= __/100=_
What is SI? the metric system that was originally established in france
What are the base units? meter, kilogram, the kelvin, the second, and the mole
What determines if a digit is significant? Rules! 1. All nonzero digits are significant 2. All zeros between nonzero digits (sandwich zeros) are significant 3. Leading zeros are NOT significant 4. Trailing zeros: significant if there is a decimal in the # NOT significant, if there is no decimal
What is SI? the revised metric system that was originally established in france
What are the base units? meter, kilogram, the kelvin, the second, and the mole
What are the derived units? bass units are the foundation
What is mass? contrast with weight, which is amount of force due to gravity
What is volume? a derived unit; comes from a combination of units 1mL=1cm to the 3rd power (or cc)
What is weight? the amount of gravitational pull on an object
Kelvin conversion K=C+273 C=K-273
What is a conversion factor? a ratio of equivalent measurement, and is equal to 1
What is dimensional analysis? a way to analyze and solve a problem using the units (dimensions) of the measurement
What is density? the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume. Density=mass/volume
Created by: dwigmans13
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