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ch 5 vocab jade Davi

chapter 5 vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Dmitri Mendeleev Russian chemist who came up with the periodic table
*Lothar Myer
Periodic law the physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers
Periodic table an arrangement of elements in order of their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties fall in the same column or group
Noble Gas a group 18 elements(helium. neon. argon. krypton. xenon and radon)
Lanthanides one of the 14 elements with atomic numbers from 58 to 71
Actinides one of the 14 elements with atom numbers from 90 through 103
Periodicity a pattern similar to atomic number found on the periodic table
Period a horizontal row of elements in the periodic table
Family a vertical column of the periodic table
Series A series of compounds in which each member differs from the next by a specific number and kind of atoms
Group a vertical column of the periodic table
s block elements chemically reactive metals
p block elements all the elements in groups 13
d block metals metals with typical metallic properties and are often refered to as transition elements
f block metals wedged between the 3rd and 4th groups in the 6th and 7th period
Alkali metals one of the elements of group 1 of the periodic table
Alkaline Earth metals one of the elements of group 2 of the periodic table
metal an element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity
transition metals The three rows of elements in the middle of the periodic table
main group or representative elements
halogens one of the elements of group 17 of the periodic table
atomic radius one half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together
*bonding radius
ionization energy the energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom of an element
electron affinity the energy change that occurs when an electron is acquired by a neutral atom
valance electron an electron that is available to be lost, gained or shared in the formation of chemical compounds
cation a positive ion
antion a negative ion
ion an atom or group of bonded atoms that has a positive or negative charge
atomic mass unit a unit of mass that is exactly 1/12 the mass of a carbon 12 atom, or 1.660 540x10 to the negative 27 kg
nonmetal an element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity
isotope atoms of the same element that have different masses
shielding effect radiation absorbing material that is used to decrease radiation exposure from nuclear reactors, especially gamma rays
Created by: mahalie.jade
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