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Chapter 2
Matter and Change
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the mass of an object? | measure of amount of matter the object contains |
| What is the volume of an object? | measure of space occupied by an object |
| What are properties that depend on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount? | intensive properties |
| What are properties that depend on the amount of matter in a sample? | extensive properties |
| What are examples of a intensive properties? | characteristics of matter such as hardness, melting point, density |
| What are examples of extensive properties? | outside factors determine extent of the property, mass/volume |
| What happens during a physical change? | some properties of material change, but its composition doesn't change |
| What occurs during a chemical change? | change produces matter with a different composition than original matter, composition of matter never changes |
| What are some examples of physical changes? | water absorbed by a paper towel, and ice melting |
| What are some examples of chemical changes? | grass growing, iron rust, and sodium hydroxide dissolving in water |
| What properties does a solid have and what do the particles do during molecular movement? | definite shape and volume, particles are packed tightly together and very little movement (very high intermolecular interaction) |
| What properties does a liquid have and what do the particles do during molecular movement? | indefinite shape, flows and has fixed volume, particles close in contact with one another and lots of movement (intermolecular interaction) |
| What properties does a gas have and what do the particles do during molecular movement? | takes the shape and volume of its container, particles further apart and moving very fast at all times |
| What is a vapor? | gaseous phase of a substance that is normally liquid at room temperature. |
| What is a mixture? | a physical blend of two or more components |
| What is a solution? | another name for a homogeneous mixture; consist of solutes dissolved in a solvent |
| What does a phase describe? | any part of a sample with uniform composition and properties |
| What happens during filtration? | a solid separates from a liquid in a heterogeneous mixture |
| What happens during distillation? | a liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is condensed into a liquid |
| What is the difference between a substance and a mixture? | Substance- has uniform and definite composition, homogeneous Mixture- composition isn't uniform throughout, heterogeneous |
| How can a mixture be separated? | through distillation and filtration |
| What is an element? | one type of atom, simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties |
| What is a compound? | two or more different atoms chemically combined in a fixed proportion |
| What is chemical symbol? | a one or two letter representation of a element |
| What is a reactant? | a substance present at the start of the reaction |
| What is a product? | a substance produced in the reaction |
| What is a precipitate? | a solid that forms and settles out of a liquid mixture |
| What does the law of conservation of mass state? | that in any physical change or chemical reaction, mass is conserved |
Created by:
dwigmans13
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