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AP Bio - Plants 1

AP Bio - Plants part 1 - Mrs. Welch's class

QuestionAnswer
vascular tissue that moves water up the plant xylem
vascular tissue that moves sugar down the plant phloem
model that describes how water moves up a plant cohesion-tension model
cells in xylem; dead; tapered ends tracheids
cells in xylem; perforation plates vessel elements
cells in phloem; no nucleus sieve-tube members
force that makes water molecules stick to each other cohesion
force that makes water molecules stick to other surfaces adhesion
Name 5 essential elements. carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, copper, iron, zinc
Name 2 beneficial elements. sodium, silicon
Element that helps plant open stomata, fruit formation, improves winter hardiness potassium
Element that helps plant respond to stimuli calcium
Element that helps plant form amino acids and proteins nitrogen
Element that helps plant form ATP and nucleic acids, and matures seeds phosphorus
Element that improves color, taste, and increases sugar copper
inorganic substance that usually contains two or more elements mineral
nutrient with an identifiable role, no other nutrient can substitute for it, and a deficiency will cause the plant to die essential
nutrient that is required or will enhance growth, may be only for a particular species beneficial
nutrient present in large quantities macronutrient
nutrient present in small concentrations micronutrient
Name 5 macronutrients C, H, O, P, K, N, S, Ca, Mg
Name 3 micronutrients Fe, B, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cl, Mo
Element that a deficiency causes new growth to be misshapen or stunted. calcium
Element that a deficiency causes new growth to be yellow and white leaves with green veins. Iron
Element that a deficiency causes upper leaves to be light green and lower leaves to be yellow. Nitrogen
Compound that a deficiency causes white deposits on the leaves carbon dioxide
Compound that a deficiency causes leaves to be darker than normal and fall off Phosphate
Element that a deficiency causes leaves to turn yellow from outside going in Magnesium
on the outside of a plant that prevents water loss cuticle
layers of a leaf where most photosynthesis occurs palisade mesophyll
layer of a leaf where cells are loosely arranged, lots of spaces spongy mesophyll
plant that retains leaves for 2-7 years evergreen
plant that loses their leaves each year deciduous
wide portion of a leaf blade
leaf hairs trichomes
water loss from a leaf transpiration
process of losing leaves abscission
stalk that attaches a leaf to the blade petiole
opening in a leaf stomata (stoma)
cells surrounding the stomata that regulate opening and closing guard cells
Name 2 things that regulate the opening of the stomata. blue-light component of sunlight; increase of CO2; absicic acid; circadian rhythms; temperature; humidity; stress
3 ways leaves can be arranged alternate; opposite; whorled
2 ways leaf blades can be classified simple and compound
root that grows deep and can store food taproot
zone of a plant root that has cell reproduction and growth meristem (meristematic zone)
zone of a plant root where cells lengthen and become more specialized zone of elongation
zone of a plant root where cells are fully differentiated and have root hairs zone of maturation
increases surface area of the root root hairs
protects the growing end of the root root cap
root that helps a plant climb adventitious
root that is net like, near the surface fibrous
root that is dominant and grows straight down primary
Name 3 functions of roots anchor; absorb water/nutrients; food storage; produce hormones
how xylem/phloem is arranged in monocot roots in a ring
how xylem/phloem is arranged in dicot roots phloem between the xylem arms (star shaped)
aboveground, horizontal stem stolon
underground, horizontal stem rhizome
underground, vertical stem bulb
woody plant's main stem trunk
young stem in dormant stage, less than 1 year old twig
young stem with leaves, less than 1 year old shoot
point of leaf attachment node
what increases in primary growth height
what increases in secondary growth girth
another name for soft stems herbaceous
layer of stem under the epidermis, replaces the epidermal tissue with cork cork cambium
two main divisions of plants vascular and nonvascular
two main divisions of vascular plants seeds and seedless
two main divisions of seed plants gymnosperms and angiosperms
two main divisions of angiosperms monocots and dicots
example of a gymnosperm conifer, ginko
Give 2 reasons why plants are adapted to life on land. Protect the embryo; vascular tissue; seeds; fruit; flowers; cuticle; stomata
when two multicellular organisms alternate between diploid and haploid individuals alternation of generations
general term for a nonvascular plant bryophyte
Three examples of groups of nonvascular plants hornwort, liverwort, moss
compound that strengthens xylem, makes it resistant to attack by parasites lignin
Three examples of groups of seedless vascular plants club moss, horsetail, fern
Three examples of groups of gymnosperms conifers, cycads, ginkgoes, gnetophytes
type of root in monocots fibrous
type of root in dicots taproot
type of leaf venation in monocots parallel
type of leaf venation in dicots netlike
example of a gymnosperm conifer, ginko
Give 2 reasons why plants are adapted to life on land. Protect the embryo; vascular tissue; seeds; fruit; flowers; cuticle; stomata
when two multicellular organisms alternate between diploid and haploid individuals alternation of generations
general term for a nonvascular plant bryophyte
Three examples of groups of nonvascular plants hornwort, liverwort, moss
compound that strengthens xylem, makes it resistant to attack by parasites lignin
Three examples of groups of seedless vascular plants club moss, horsetail, fern
Three examples of groups of gymnosperms conifers, cycads, ginkgoes, gnetophytes
type of root in monocots fibrous
type of root in dicots taproot
type of leaf venation in monocots parallel
type of leaf venation in dicots netlike
Created by: mrsjwelch
 

 



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