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Chapter 5
Electron Configuration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are energy levels? | fixed energies an electron can have (s,p,d,f)- different shapes |
| What is a quantum? | the amount of energy required to move an electron from one energy level to another energy level |
| What is the quantum mechanical model used for? | solving mathematical equations and it determines the allowed energies for an electron and its possible locations |
| What is an atomic orbital often thought of as? | a region of space where there is a high probability of finding an electron (hold 2 e-) |
| What are the different inadequacies in Rutherford's atomic model? | it couldn't explain the chemical properties of elements |
| What did Rutherford's model explain? | what leads to chemical properties of an element, which requires a model that better describes the behavior of electrons- flame test |
| What is the Bohr Model (aka "Planetary Model)? | in his model the electrons are only found in specific circular paths, or orbits around the nucleus |
| What does each electron have in the Bohr Model? | fixed energy that determine what energy level it is in |
| In the Bohr Model, what must the electron do to move to another energy level? | absorb a quantum of energy |
| How did Niels Bohr change and improve Ernest Rutherford's Model? | He included newer discoveries about how the energy of an atom changes when it absorbs or emits light. He also considered hydrogen which has one electron. |
| What is electron configuration? | the ways that e- are arranged into various orbitals |
| What is a spin? | (up arrow or down arrow) |
| What are principal energy levels? | (1,2,3, etc.) |
| What is the Aufbau Principle? | electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first |
| What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle? | each orbital can only hold up to 2 e-; if 2 e- occupy one orbital, they must have opposite spins |
| What is the Hund’s Rule? | e- occupy orbitals in a way that makes the # of e- with the same spin direction as large as possible. They fill orbitals singly first, and "single" e-s all have spins in the same direction |
| What is ground state? | lowest energy arrangement |
| What is excited state? | atom attains a higher energy arrangement |
Created by:
dwigmans13
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