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Astronomy 100-exam 1

QuestionAnswer
True or False: Astronomy is the oldest of the sciences. True
A solar eclipse can only occur when the Moon is in ________ phase. New
One minute of arc is one-sixth of a ________ Degree
An eclipse of the Moon in which the Moon is completely in the ________ of the Earth's shadow is a total lunar eclipse. Umbra
Match the term with the appropriate associaion: Astromony...A)Another Sun B)A pure science C)The average distance between Earth and Sun D)The distance light travels in one year B) A pure science
Match the term with the appropriate association: Astronomical Unit...A)Another Sun B)A pure science C)The average distance between the Earth and Sun D)The distance light travel in one year C) The average distance between the Earth and Sun
Match the term to the appropriate association: Light-year...A)Another Sun B)A pure science C)The averae distance between the Earth and Sun D)The distance light travels in one year D) The distance light travels in one year
Match the term to the appropriate association: Star...A)Another Sun B)A pure science C)The average distance between the Earth and Sun D)The distance light travels in one year A) Another sun
Match the term to the appropriate association: Milky Way...A)Contains Earth & 7 other planets B)Called wandering stars by the ancients C)A large cloud of gas & dust illuminated by stars D)A group of hundreds of millions of stars including our Sun D) A group of hundreds and millions of stars including our Sun
Match the term to the appropriate association: Nebula...A)Contains Earth & 7other planets B)Called wandering stars by the ancients C)A large cloud of gas & dust illuminated by stars D)A group of hundreds of millions of stars including our Sun C) A large cloud of gas and dust illuminated by stars
Match the term to the appropriate association: Solar System...A)Contains Earth & 7 other planets B)Called wandering stars by the ancients C)A large cloud of gas & dust illuminated by stars D)A group of hundreds of millions of stars including our Sun A) Contains the Earth and 7 other planets
Match the term to the appropriate association: Planet...A)Contains Earth & 7 other planets B)Called wandering stars by the ancients C)A large cloud of gas & dust illuminated by stars D)A group of hundreds of millions of stars including our Sun B) Called wandering stars by the ancients
Which way do the planet usually appear to move amound the background of stars? Eastward
If the plane of the Earth's equator were not tilted with respect to the ecliptic plane..the daylight period on Earth would be the same year-round; there would be no seasonal variations; Earth's poles would not experience 6-month long nights; all the above All of the above
Astronomers use constellations to... Describe the location of celestial objects
The bright star near the Earth's north celestical pole is currently... Polaris
The 18-degree wide zone that centers on the ecliptic is called the ... Zodiac - 9 degrees above & below ecliptic
During the year, the Sun appears to more alternately northward and southward on the celestial sphere. What are point called where is crosses the celectial equator? Equinoxes
In South Africa the shortest daylight period occurs in late... June
If there were another planet between Saturn & Uranus...its "day" would be longer than Earth's; its "year" would be longer than Earth's; its range of temp would be greater than Earth's; its speed in orbit would be greater than Earth's Its "year" would be longer than Earth's
Which of the planets have periods of revolution around the Sun of longer than one year? Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto
According to Kepler's revision of the heliocentric model, day and night are accounted for by... The rotation of the Earth
Suppose intelligent life existed on Mars, & beings there tried to use Kepler's 3rd law. As their unit of time, they would used one Martian year, & for distance they would used the average distance of Mars from the Sun. Would the law be valid for Martians? Yes
Use Kepler's 3rd law to calculate Mercury's period of revolution, given that Mercury's average distance from the Sun is 0.387 astronomical units. 0.241 (used P= square root of A cubed)
Stellar parallax is caused by... The Earth's motion around the Sun
If we lived on the Moon, the time from sunrise to sunset would be about how long? 2 weeks (half of 30 days - the Moon's "day")
A nebula is a(n)... Interstellar region of dust and/or gas
The number 6.8 x 10^3, is the same as.. 6800
True or False: Tycho Brahe was the first astronomer to use a telescope. False - Galelio was
True or False: The elliptical orbits of most planets are not very eccentric - they are nearly circles. True
The farther a planet is from the Sun the ________ is moves, according to the Copernican Theory. Slower
Planets moving east to west is known as ... Retrograde motion
Ptolemy and Copernicus used _________ to explain why the planets moved in retrograde motion Epicycle
An imaginary line drawn on the sky (from south to north) passing over the observer's head is the ... Meridian
The apparent shift of nearby stars is known as... Stellar parallax
Aristotle and Ptolemy held that the center of the universe is ... Earth
True or False: A kilogram weighs about 2.2 pounds on both Earth and the Moon False
True or False: There is a point where the gravitational force of the Moon exactly equals that of the Earth True
Due to their gravitational interaction, two objects revolve around a point called the ... Center of mass / Barycenter
Callisto is the name of one of the moons of the planet... Jupiter
A fully equipped astronaut has a mass of 150kg. What is the astronaut's weight standing on the surface of Mars if the acceleration due to gravity on Mars is 3.7m/s? 555N - use F=ma---W=mg---(150)(3.7)
What is Newton's first law? Inertia
What is Newton's second law? F=ma
What is Newton's third law? Equal and opposite forces
Why do objects weigh less on the Moon than on Earth? The Moon's mass is less than Earth's
There is a force of gravitation between... any two objects
The discovery of the moons of Jupiter lent support to... The heliocentric system
When referring to the natural sattelites of Jupiter, the text calls them "moons" without capitalizing the term, but Earth's satellite is reffered to as the "Moon". Why the difference? The term "Moon" is the offical name of Earth's satellite; Jupiter's "moons" have their own names.
Craters are visible on the Moon... even in small telescopes and binoculars
Which of the following did Galileo observe with his telescope: stellar parallax; sunspots; phases of Venus; four moons of Jupiter; three of the above Three of the above
True or False: Each chemical element when (vaporzied by heat) has its own distinctive spectrum. True
When light of a continuous spectrum passes through a cool gas, _________ lines appear in the continuous spectrum. Dark
An object that has the ability to absorb all wavelengths completely is called a _________ blackbody
Freezing point of water at 32 degrees: Fahrenheit; Celsius; Kelvin Fahrenheit
Boiling point of water is at 100 degrees: Fahrenheit; Celsius; Kelvin Celsius
Coldest temperature is zero: Fahrenheit; Celsius; Kelvin Kelvin
An emission spectrum is produced when... A hot, low-density gas emits light
Which of the following region(s) of the electromagnetic spectrum is visible to the naked human eye? Ultraviolet; Infrared; Radio; All of the above; None of the above None of the above
Isaac Newton showed that when white light is shined through a prism, the prism... separates the white light into the colors the light contains
Which of the following shows the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum is correct order from longest to shortest wavelength? radio,visible,x-ray; visible,radio,x-ray; x-ray,radio,visible; radio,x-ray,visible; x-ray,visible,radio radio, visible, x-ray
The Bohr model of the atom predicts that light is emitted when an electron... falls from an outer to and inner orbit
If a star's temperature is 5800K, what is its temperature in Fahrenheit? 9980.60 - 5800K=Tc+273; Tc=5527----5527=5/9(Tf-32)...=9980.6
Created by: juret7674
 

 



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