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Chem QII
Solutions/Acids, Bases, Salts, Ionization
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| homogeneous mixtures of two or more substances | true solutions |
| solid solutions are known as | alloys |
| the substance dissolved | solute |
| the substance that does the dissolving AKA "vehicle" | solvent |
| the measure of how well two substances mix | solubility |
| a solution that contains all the solute the solvent can hold at a given temperature is | saturated |
| a solution that contains less solute than it can hold is | unsaturated |
| true or false: supersaturated solutions are stable | False |
| 3 Factors which influence solubility: | 1) nature of the solvent and nature of the solute, 2) temperature, 3) pressure |
| a solution that contains a relatively small amount of solute | dilute solution |
| a solution that contains a relatively large amount of solute | concentrated solution |
| the weight of the solute divided by the total weight of the solution times 100 describes what measurement? | percent by weight/mass |
| the volume of the solute divided by the total volume of the solution times 100 describes what measurement? | percent by volume |
| formaldehyde dissolved in water is called | formalin |
| formalin is what percent formaldehyde by weight? | 37% by weight |
| formalin is what percent formaldehyde by volume? | 40% by volume |
| the concentration of a very dilute solution is often expressed using | parts per million |
| equation for parts per million (ppm) | ppm= mg of solute/L of solution |
| this term expressed the concentration of formaldehyde in embalming fluid | index |
| the number of grams of pure formaldehyde gas in 100 mL of solution | index |
| movement from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration | diffusion |
| the simple diffusion of water | osmosis |
| when a body with normal moisture content is embalmed, the injected embalming fluid should be slightly a) hypertonic, b) hypotonic, c) isotonic to the contents of the tissues | hypotonic |
| initial fluid injected into edematous bodies should be slightly a) hypertonic, b) hypotonic, c) isotonic | hypertonic |
| fluids used to embalm dehydrated bodies should be slightly a) hypertonic, b) hypotonic, c) isotonic | hypotonic |
| particle size between 1 and 100 um | colloid |
| particle size greater than 100 um | suspension |
| particle size less than 1 um | true solution |
| can pass through both filters and membranes | true solution |
| can pass through filters, but not membranes | colloid |
| cannot pass through filters nor membranes | suspension |
| particles which can be seen with the naked eye | suspension |
| particles which can be seen with a microscope | colloid |
| particles which can be seen only with an electron microscope | true solution |
| particles which exhibit molecular movement | true solution |
| particles which exhibit Brownian (random) motion | colloid |
| particles which move only by the force of gravity | suspension |
| change blue litmus to red | acids |
| acids react with bases to form water and | a salt |
| the reaction of acids and bases to form water and a salt is called a _____ reaction | neutralization |
| change red litmus blue | bases |
| nonmetallic oxides react with water to form | acids (called acid anhydrides) |
| metallic oxides react with water to form | bases (called basic anhydrides) |
| composed of metallic elements or the positive ammonium ion in combination with one or more ions of a nonmetallic element | salts |
| the major chemical reaction of salts by which the ions of a salt "break apart" water molecules into H+ and OH- ions | hydrolysis |
| the measure of hydrogen ion concentration | pH |
| the negative logarithm of the hydrogen-ion concentration | pH |
| pH of 7 is | neutral |
| pH of less than 7 is | acidic |
| pH of more than 7 is | basic |
| pH of human gastric juice | 1-3 |
| pH of pure water | 7 |
| pH of blood | 7.3-7.5 |
| pH of embalming fluid | 6.5-9.0 |
| substances that, in solution, are capable of neutralizing, within limits, both acids and bases and thereby maintaining the original or constant pH of the solution | buffers |
Created by:
amyziolkowski
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