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exam 1 radiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following is a physical property of x-rays | they travel in straight lines |
| As the wavelength of x-ray photons shortens the energy of the x-ray bean will | increase |
| The kVp setting on an x-ray machine controls the | quality of the xray beam |
| the milliampere seconds setting on an x-ray machine controls the | quantity of the x-ray beams |
| During an exposure, electrons in the x-ray tube travel from the | cathode to the anode |
| the acceleration of electrons and their ultimate striking energy is dermined by the | kVp |
| When depressing the "prep" switch on a rotating anode x-ray machine you are effectively | heating up the filament and spinning the rotating anode |
| The crystals of high-speed screens as compared to similar types of par screens are | bigger, and there is less detail |
| What is the minimum distance in feet that a safe light in the darkroom should be away from the work | 4 |
| The main purpose of the x-ray developer is to | convert the exposed silver halide crystals into black metallic silver |
| The main purpose of the x-ray fixer is to | clear away unexposed underdeveloped silver halide crystals |
| you are looking at a film that is totally clear except for a bit of black that you notice along the edges your film has not been | exposed to radiation |
| you have a film in front of you that has a relatively clear edge all the way around the radiograph this is because of | collimation |
| The remaining silver halide crystals from exposed x-ray film are removed in the | fixer |
| what should the maximum intensity of the bulb in the safelight in the developing room | 15 watts |
| The cells that are most susceptible to the hazards of ionizing radiation are | the rapidly dividing cells of bone, lymphatics, skin, leukocytes, and hemopoeitic cells |
| You are preparing to take a radiograph, and you wan to confirm that you have set the correct mAs of 15. Ehich of the following scenarios will give you 15mAs | 300mA and 1/20 sec |
| To get more density on a film you should do what the kVp and mAs | Increase either or both |
| Because of the relationship between milliamp and mAs, as you increase the mA you can | Decrease the length of the exposure so that there is less chance of movement |
| A radiograph in front of you appears dark. You note that the bones are gray You are best to do what for the next radiograph? | decrease kVp |
| The exposure factor that is responsible for accelerating the electrons from the cathode to the anode is | kVp |
| The temperature of the cathode filament is controlled by which of the following exposure factors | mA |
| Sante's rule is used to calculate | kVp |
| If the mA is set at 300 and the time is set at 1/60, the mAs is | 5 |
| the pH of the fixer chemical is | acidic |
| An x-ray film accidentally developed before exposure to radiation appears | clear |
| An x-ray film exposed to visible light would appear | white |
| Heavy lines on a processed radiograph are most likely due to | roller marks from an automatic processor |
| If the radiograph is too light and the image appears under-penetrated you should | increase kVp 10% to 15 % |
| If a radiograph is too dark, but the image shows adequate penetration you should | Decrease mAs 30% to 50% |
| If a film is too light, but the image shows adequate penetration you should | increase mAs 30% to 50% |
| If a film is too dark and the image appears over penetrated you should | Decrease kVp 10% to 15% |
| The unit absorbed ionizing radiation dose is | Gray (Gy) |
| The workplace program that has been developed to ensure radiation exposures are kept as low as possible | ALARA |
| The minimum age in years for a person to be involved in radiographic procedures is | 18 |
| When evaluating a film is too light, You then determine that the film does not have adequate penetrations the best adjustment to make is | Increase kVp |
| A veterinary technician notes that the film is too dark and there is minimal contrast. What is the most appropriate adjustment to be made to improve the quality of the repeat film | Decrease kVp |
| The tungsten plate is located where on the x-ray machine | anode |
| In an x-ray tube, x-rays are formed on the | tungsten target on the anode |
| Anyone working with or in the vicinity of ah x-ray machine should use what | a dosimetery badge |
| The focal spot is | the spot on the tungsten target that the electron beam is aimed at |
| Most x-ray film cassettes now have what kind of screens that glow when irradiated | Intensifying screens |
| Dosimetry badges should be | worn on the collar outside the apron |
| The minimum lead equivalent for radiographic aprons and gloves is | o.5mm |
| When taking radiographs the veterinary technician should | maximize distance between herself or himself and x-ray sources |
| The mA selector | controls the number of electrons produced by the filament |
| Which of the following controls radiographic contrast | kVp |
| Which of the following does not affect radiograph density | obeject film distance |
| the focussing cup of an xray machine is an | area of the anode struck by electrons during an exposure |
| the filament of an x-ray tube is the | tungsten coil that emits electrons when heated |
| How does kVp affect electrons and the x-ray beam | increasing it increases the speed at which electrons are pulled from the cathode to the anode and also increases the penetrating power of the x-ray beam |
| The electron cloud is generated at the | cathode |
| with the heel effect, the x-ray bean intensity is greater toward the | cathode |
| what is the total time the film should be placed in the fixer | two times the developing time |
| The pH of the developer chemicals is | alkaline |
| What is latent image | an image on the film before exposure |
| High speed film has | larder silver halide crystals than slow-speed film, which decreases the detail on the finished radiographic film |
| Foreshortening occurs when radiographing a long bone | Bone is not parallel to the cassette |
| What is the purpose of the collimator on an x-ray machine | limits the primary beam size |
| if mA and s=1/10, what is the mAs of the x-ray exposure technique | 10 |
| What x-ray intensifying screen provides that least detail on the developed film | high speed |
| What is the term used to describe the tube-to-film distance | focal film distance, source image distance |
| what is the proper order of manual processing of x-ray film | develop, rinse, fix,wash, dry |
| what is suffested mAs settings for the thorax | 5 |
| Which of the these techniques causes a major increase in scatter radiation | Increase the kVp |
| What is the light-sensitive chemical impregnated into an x-ray film | silver halide |
| what is the advantage of using screen x-ray film over nonscreen film | screen film requires shorter exposure time |
| what is the minimum aluminum filter equivalent for x-ray machines with an output greater than 70kVp | 2.5 mm |
| What constitutes a good radiograph | it is diagnostic |
| Which of the following are elements needed for x-ray production | a source of electrons |
| the tool that we use for measurement is called a | caliper |
| Somatic damage is | Damage that is exhibited in the life time of the recipient |
| What entity helps regulate radiation equipment in Texas | department of health |
| What is the most common type of artifact seen on radiographs | motion |
| Give an example of genetic damage | DNA mutations in future generations |
| The filter on teh x-ray machine is made of what material | aluminum |
| The part of the cassette that is used for identification purposes is the | lead blocker |
| when checking the processor the tech should check what | temperature of chemicals or processor |
| A labeling system should include all of the following except | name and address of owner |
| if the settings are appropriate and the film is still non diafnostic what other considerations must be taken into account | potential light leaks, exhausted chemicals, poor development techniques |
| Anything that decreases the quality of the radiograph resulting in difficult evaluation and interpretations is called | an artifact |
| The abbreviation CrD is | cranial Dorsal |
| When radiographing a forelimb the area is interest is | positioned closest to the cassette |
| The intensifying screen is composed of these layers | Base, reflective, phosphor crystal, and protective coating |
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claremacd