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Definitions Ch 5

Introductory Chemistry by Zumdahl CHM 1025 VCC

QuestionAnswer
Binary compounds Composed of 2 elements 1. Metal + nonmetal 2. Nonmetal + nonmetal
Binary ionic compound Positive cation (metal)+ negative anion (nonmetal)
Type I compounds (cations) The metal present forms only one type of cation.
Type II compounds (cations) The metal present can form 2 or more cations that have different charges.
Polyatomic ions Charge entities composed of several atoms bound together.
Oxyanions Polyatomic anions that contain a nonmetal and different numbers of oxygen atoms. Ex. Sulfate - The one with smaller # of O atoms ends in ite -- The one with higher # of O atoms ends in ate. -hypo: less than -per: more than
Acids Molecules that produce H+ ions (protons) when dissolved in water. Ex. citric acid A molecule with 1 or more H+ attached to an anion.
IUPAC Set the rules for naming compounds (IUPAC nomenclature)
Classes of inorganic compounds Binary ionic, ternary ionic, binary molecular, binary acid, ternary oxyacid
Stock System of naming cations Parent element+ charge in Roman numerals in ()
Fixed charges Ag, Zn, Cd Ag +, Zn +2, Cd +2
Formula unit Smallest unit of an ionic compound. It is neutral. Cation (metal)goes first and it's followed by anion (nonmetal)
Binary Molecular Compounds 2 nonmetal elements
Molecule Simplest particle that represents a binary molecular compound
Ternary Ionic Compounds 3 or more elements (have polyatomic ionse)
Aqueous solution made when a compound dissolves in water. Indicated by aq. Ex. Binary acid: H+ nonmetal [HF (aq)]; Ternary oxyacid [HNO3 (aq)]
Binary acid aqueous solution of a compound (H & nonmetal). Ex HF (aq)
Ternary oxyacid aqueous solution of a compound (H & oxyanion). Ex. HNO3 (aq) ate- ic acid ite- ous acid
Empirical Formula Simplest number of atoms (whole) present in a compound
Created by: lesliemelissa19
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