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psy4301 chap4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Affordances | options that a given situation or stimulus provides |
| Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assesment Scale (NBAS) | a measure designed to determine infants’ neurological and behavioral responses to their environment |
| Cephalocaudal Principle | the principle that growth follows a pattern that begins with the head and upper body parts and then proceeds down to the rest of the body;head to tail |
| Cerebral Cortex | the upper layer of the brain |
| Dynamic Systems Theory | a theory of how motor skills develop and are coordinated;theory places emphasis on child’s own motivation (a cognitive state) in advancing important aspects of motor development |
| Multimodal Approach to Perception | the approach that considers how information that is collected by various individual sensory systems is integrated and coordinated |
| Walking | comes at around the age of 9 months, half of all infants walk well by the end of their first year of life |
| Crawling | appears typically between 8 and 10 months |
| Sitting Up | sit without support by the age of 6 months |
| Myelin | a fatty substance that helps insulate neurons and speeds the transmission of nerve impulses |
| Neuron | the basic nerve cell of the nervous system; can communicate with one another |
| Nonorganic Failure to Thrive | a disorder in which infants stop growing due to a lack of stimulation and attention as the result of inadequate parenting |
| Norms | the average performance of a large sample of children of a given age |
| Perception | the sorting out, interpretations, analysis, and integration of stimuli involving the sense organs and brain |
| Plasticity | the degree to which a developing structure or behavior is modifiable due to experience |
| Principle of Hierarchical Integration | the principle that simple skills typically develop separately and independently but are later integrated into more complex skills |
| Proximodistal Principle | the principle that development proceeds from the center of the body outward |
| Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep | the period of sleep that is found in older children and adults and is associated with dreaming |
| Rythms | repetitive, cyclical patterns of behavior |
| Sensation | the physical stimulation of the sense organs |
| Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) | the unexplained death of a seemingly healthy baby; leading cause of death in children under 1 year of age |
| Back-to-sleep guideline (AAP) | American Academy of Pediatrics suggest that babies sleep on their backs rather than on their sides or stomachs. In addition, they suggest that parents consider giving their babies a pacifier during naps and bedtime |
| Synapse | the gap at the connection between the neurons, through which neurons chemically communicate with one another |
| Synaptic Pruning | the elimination of neurons as the result of nonuse of lack of stimulation |
Created by:
agibs88