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Intermolecular forc*

part 2

QuestionAnswer
viscosity resistance of a liquid to flow
the greater the viscosity the (blank) it flows the slowly it flows
how do you measure viscosity how long a liquid takes to flow out of a pipette under the forces of gravity. How fast an object sings through the liquid.
what does viscosity measure? the ease that molecules move past one another
how are viscosity and T related? inversely proportional. Viscosity decreases with increasing T. The increasing kinetic energy overcomes the attractive forces and molecules can move easily past each other
What happen to the molecules in the interior of the liquid? they experience an attractive force from neighboring molecules which surround on all sides
what happens to the molecules at the surface of a liquid? molecules on the surface have neighboring molecules only on one side (the side facing the interior) and thus experience an attractive force whic pull them into the interior
surface tension the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid
water surface tension at 20 C 7.29 * 10^ -2 J/m^2
cohesive forces bind molecules of the same type together
adhesive forces bind a substance to a surface
"capillary" action water move up a thin capillary against the force of gravity
phase changes matter in one state changes to another state
sublimation solid changes to gas
melting (fusion) solid changes to liquid
freezing liquid changes to solid
vaporization liquid changes to gas
condensation gas changes to liquid
deposition gas changes to solid
fusion the melting process for a solid
heat of fusion (triangle H sub fus) the enthalpy change associated with melting a solid
ice heat of fusion = ? 6.01 kJ/mol
heat of vaporization (triangle H sub vap) heat needed for the vaporization of a liquid
water heat of vaporization = ? 40.67 kJ/mol
true or false: less energy is needed to allow molecules to move past each other than to separate them totally true
True or false: great energy is needed to vaporize water than to melt it true
specific heat/molar heat capacity the amount of heat needed to change the T of a substance
specific heat of ice 2.09 J/gK
specific heat of water 4.18 J/gK
specific heat of water vapor 1.84 J/gK
how can gases be liquified? by decreasing the T or increasing the P
Is it easier or harder to use P to liquify gas as T increase? harder (due to increasing kinetic energy)
critical temperature the highest T at which a substance can exist as a liquid
critical pressure the pressure required to bring about condensation at the critical T
is melting, sublimation, and vaporization exothermic or endothermic processes? endothermic processes
Created by: Tiffastic
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