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PNF FlashCards
Flash Cards About TEII Perkins PNF
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does PNF stand for? | Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation |
| What does this technique utilize? | Motor Control Rood Bruunstrom Also adds more ideas for Tx |
| Within the Treatment Emphasis, how must movements be? | Diagonal Pattern |
| What are the 3 things this technique MUST have? Why is this 3rd thing important? | Techniques must have Accurate Timing, Specific Commands, & Correct Manual Contact. Correct Manual Contact will stimulate touch and pressure receptors to facilitate muscles, and provide direction of movement. |
| What is important about Verbal Commands given? | They MUST BE: 1) short & concise 2) inhibition = calm voice 3) facilitation = louder, sharper command |
| What else is important? How does resistance affect the movement pattern? | Repetition is important. Resistance is GREATER if STABILITY is the focus and LESS if MOBILITY is the focus. Do PROM first. |
| What type of contractions do PNF techniques use? | Isometric and Isotonic (concentric/eccentric) contractions |
| What can a quick stretch do? Do movement patterns have to be through the Full ROM? | Quick Stretch can INCREASE muscle response. Movement patterns can be through Full or Partial ROM. |
| What is the "Theory of Overflow"? | Stronger muscles can influence weaker ones. You may see increased tone in "involved" body parts if and activity is difficult for "uninvolved" parts. Increased Tone=Beneficial/Non-beneficial (Bruunstrom Associated Reactions |
| Do PNF Techniques match Bruunstrom Stages? | Do Not match a PNF Technique to a Bruunstrom Stage! |
| What are 4 PNF Techniques that can help progress a patient through Mobility/Stability Stages of Motor Control? | 1) Mobility (Need Strength & ROM to move); 2) Stability (Maintain Balance & Posture - head, neck, & trunk control); 3) Controlled Mobility (mvmt w/in posture w/ distal end fixed) Increase resist. to work harder; 4) Skill (prox stability & dist mobility) |
| What are the 3 parts to the Mobility Technique and briefly describe each. | 1)Initiation of Mvmt; 2)Relaxation & Increased ROM(Hold Relax/Hold Relax Contract-activate muscle tto get more motion);3)Strengthening(Repeated Contractions, Slow Reversal, Agonistic Reversal, Isometric Hold) |
| What is Rhythmic Initiation? | The movement is first passive then progresses to active assist through increments of the ROM |
| What is Relaxation and Increased ROM as it pertains to Hold Relax/Hold Relax Contract? | Performed at Limitation. Therapist resists Isometric Contraction, resistance built up to tolerance & maintained. Relax is as resistance is changed. When relaxed is felt, pt. moved passively to pattern & asked to actively move there. |
| Name the 4 techniques used for Strengthening in PNF. | 1)Repeated Contractions 2)Slow Reversal 3)Agonistic Reversal 4)Isometric Hold |
| What is Repeated Contractions for strengthening? | Repeated isotonic contractions of the agonist pattern. *AROM (one direction-entire range), Relax, PROM (to starting point) *Only working with resistance in one direction |
| What is Slow Reversal for strengthening? | A concentric contraction of one pattern followed by a concentric contraction of the antagonist. Movements are slow & rhythmical. Resistance starts minimally & increases as tolerated. * Muscles fired in both directions w/ pause in between |
| What is Agonistic Reversal for strengthening? | A rhythmic reversal from contraction. Contractions of one pattern to eccentric contractions of the same patterns. *Concentric (one direction), Eccentric (other direciont) *Same muscle group is working |
| What is Isometric Hold for strengthening? | Isometric Hold to part of a whole pattern at the point where the patient is poor. *Take to pattern where poor muscle. Activation/Control, Stop there, pt. isometrically hold, increasing neural input there. |
| What are the 2 parts of Stability that assist in maintaining balance and posture? | 1) Alternating Isometrics 2) Rhythmic Stabilization |
| Explain Alternating Isometrics for Stability | Isometrically resist in one direction, Hold, Therapist moves hands, Resist in other direction *Working both pattern directions *Rest between directions |
| Explain Rhythmic Stabilization for Stability | Alternating isometric contractions of the agonist followed by the antagonist with NO pause/rest * NO time to turn off muscles |
| What technique is used for Controlled mobility and when is this technique good? | Slow Reversal-a concentric contraction of one pattern followed by a concentric contraction of the antagonist. Mvmts are slow and rhythmical. This is good when a pt. doesn't have control through full range; can build up ability to move through full range |
| When is Slow Reversal for Controlled Mobility Appropriate? | Developing Endurance, Strenght, and Pattern of Movement |
| What are the 3 parts for Skill (Proximal Stability and Distal Mobility)? | 1)Resisted Progression 2)Isometric Hold 3)Quick Stretch to Functional Position |
| Explain Resisted Progression for Skill | Resisted isotonic movement in a pattern of locomotion. Good for strength and endurance *Concentric/Eccentric as moving |
| Explain Isometric Hold for Skill | Isometric hold to functional position at the point the patient is weak until desired movement is seen and then activity is allowed to proceed *Hold with resistance and some weight |
| Explain Quick Stretch to Functional Position for Skill | Quick stretch to functional position at the point where the patient is weak to facilitate the desired movement and then activity is allowed to proceed |
| Explain about Patterns: Extremity and Pelvic | They are normal movement patterns. The patient should be able to do both. Patient is retraining for ADLs. |
| What is the starting position for PNF Patterns of the Upper Extremity? How are each of the patterns named? | Start in Anatomical position. Each pattern is named for the action occurring at the shoulder |
| What are Quick Descriptions for remembering D1 and D2 of the Upper Extremity? | D1 - Putting on a seatbelt D2 - John Travolta is "Too Cool" |
| Describe Asymmetrical Chopping (Upper Extremity) | Starting posion for D1 with hand flexed, opposite hand grasps wrist of extremity in D1 position. Ending position is with D1 extremity fully extended and other extremity's hand is still wrapped around the wrist of the D1 extremity. |
| Describe Asymmetrical Lifting (Upper Extremity) | Starting position is D2 beginning of one extremity (hand flexed) with the other wrapped underneath & around the wrist. Ending position is the end of the D2 pattern (hand fully extended) with the other extremity's hand still wrapped around the wrist |
| What are the components of D1 Flexion (Upper Extremity)? | Shoulder Flex, Adduct, ER Elbow Flex/Ext Forearm Supin, Wrist Radial Dev, Thumb Adduct Scapula Anterior Elevation Trunk Extension "Pull up and across your face" |
| What are the components of D1 Extension (Upper Extremity)? | Shoulder Exten, Abduct, IR Elbow Flex/Exten Forearm Pronat, Wrist Ulnar Dev, Finger Exten, Thumb Abduct Scapula Posterior Depression Trunk Flexion "Push Down and Away" |
| What are the components of D2 Flexion (Upper Extremity)? | Shoulder Flex, Abduct, ER Elbow Flex/Exten Forearm Supin, Wrist Radial Dev, Finger Exten, Thumb Exten Scapula Posterior Elevation Trunk Extension "Cheerleader" |
| What are the components of D2 Extension (Upper Extremity)? | Shoulder Exten, Adduct, IR Elbow Flex/Exten Forearm Pron, Wrist Ulnar Dev, Finger Flex, Thumb Oppos Scapula Anterior Depression Trunk Flexion "Pull Sword Out" |
| What are the components of D1 Flexion (Lower Extremity)? | *Heel Leads Hip Flex, Adduct, ER Knee Flex/Exten DF, Invers, Toes Exten & Abduct "Soccer Kick" "Kick up and across" ("Put on Pants") |
| What are the components of D1 Extension (Lower Extremity)? | *Heel Leads Hip Exten, Abduct, IR Knee Flex/Exten PF, Evers, Toes Flex & Adduct "Kick down and out" |
| What are the components of D2 Flexion (Lower Extremity)? | *Heel Leads Hip Flex, Abduct, IR Knee Flex/Exten DF, Evers, Toes Exten & Abduct "Hurdler", "Karate Kick" |
| What are the components of D2 Extension (Lower Extremity)? | *Heel Leads Hip Exten, Adduct, ER Knee Flex/Exten PF, Inver, Toes Flex & Adduct "Peeing on Tree" |
| How would you use PNF to roll patient from Supine to Prone? | Use "Chopping" and not the patient's head. Keep at diagonal pattern. Resist at hands (locked) and hip for the position going |
| How would you use PNF to scoot a patient forward? | Push back on the pelvis and pull with the opposite shoulder |
| How would you use PNF to complete Prone Progression: on hands and knees? | Get patient prone on elbows. Resist at scapulas. Use a diagonal pattern one at a time and have patient rise to hands and knees by extending one elbow first, then the other. |
| When progressing from sidelying to sitting, where would you place the resistance if using PNF? | Resistance would be placed on the opposite shoulder and hip |
Created by:
krober04