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Spa Science
Ch.5 Terms
Spa Science | Ch. 5 |
---|---|
Atom | the smallest particle of an element that still retains he properties of the element |
Chemical Change | Change in the chemical composition of a substance, in which a new substance or substances are formed having properties different from the original |
Chemical Properties | Those characteristics that can only be determined with a chemical reaction and that cause a chemical change in the identity of the substance |
Chemistry | Science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter, and how matter changes under different chemical conditions |
Combustion | Rapid oxidation of any substance, accompanied by the production of the heat and light |
Compound | combination of two or more atoms of different elements inited chemically with a fixed chemical composition, definite properties, and distinct properties |
Compound Molecules | chemical combinations of two or more atoms of different elements |
Emulsion | Mixture of two or more immiscible substances united with the aid of the binder or emulsifier |
hydrogen | colorless, odorless, tasteless gas; the lightest element known |
hydrogen peroxide | compound of hydrogen and oxigen; a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor and a slightly acid taste |
Hydrophilic | Capable of combining with or attracting water |
Immiscible | not capable of being mixed |
inorganic chemistry | branch of chemistry dealing with compounds lacking carbon |
lipophilic | Having an affinity or attraction to fat and oils |
Matter | any substance that occupies space, has physical and chemical properties, and exist in the form of a solid, liquid, or gas |
Miscible | capable of being mixed with another liquid in any proportion without seperating |
mixture | combination of two or more substances united physically, not chemically, without a fixed composition and in any proportions |
molecule | two or more atoms joined chemically |
nitrogen | colorless, gaseous element found free in the air; constitutes about four-fifths of the air |
oil-in-water emulsion | oil droplets suspended in a water base |
Organic Chemistry | study of substances that contain carbon |
Oxidation | chemical reaction that combines an element or compound with oxygen to produce an oxide |
Oxidize | to combine or cause an element combine with oxygen |
Oxidizing Agent | substance that releases oxygen |
Oxygen | the most abundent element found both free and in compounds |
pH | Relative degree of acidity and alkalinity of a substance without the formation of a new substance |
Physical change | change n the form or physical properties of a substance without the formation of the new substance |
Physical Properties | those characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and that do not cause a chemical change in the identity of the substance |
Redox | contraction for the reduction-oxidation; chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent is reduced and the reducing agent is oxidized |
Reduction | the substance of the oxygen from, or the addition of hydrogen to, a substance |
Solute | the dissolved substance in a solution |
Solution | blended mixture of two or more solids, liquids, or gaseous substances |
Solvent | substance, usually liquid, which dissolves another substance to form a solution, with no change in chemical composition |
Surfactants | surface active agents; substance that act as a bridge to allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify |
Suspension | state in which solid particles are distributed throughout a liquid medium |
water | most abundant of all substances, comprising about 75 percent of the earth's surface and about 65 percent of the human body |
water-in-oil emulsion | droplets of water suspended in oil base |
element | the simplest form of matter; cannot be broken down into simpler substance without loss of identity |
Elemental molecules | molecules that contain two ro more atoms of the same element that are untied chemically |