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Stats Chapter 8
vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| model | an equation or formula that simplifies and represents reality |
| linear model | a linear model is an equation of a line, need to know the variables along with their W's and their units |
| predicted value | the value of yhat for a given x-value in the data, a predicted value is found by substituting the x-value in the regression equation |
| residuals | the differences between data values and the corresponding values predicted by the regression model - or more generally values predicted by any model |
| least squares | specifies the unique line that minimizes the variance of the residuals or equivalently the sum of the squared residuals |
| regression to the mean | because the correlation is always less than 1.0 in magnitude each predicted yhat tends to be fewer standard deviations from its mean than its corresponding x was from its means which is called regression to the mean |
| regression line / line of best fit | yhat - bnot +bonex |
| slope | bone gives a value in "y-units per x-unit" |
| intercept | bnot gives a starting value in y-units, found from bnot = ybar - bonexbar |