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Unit 4 1750-1914

Question	Answer
One continuity in France during this time period would be what?	Absolutism; absolute monarchy
One continuity in China during this time period would be their thoughts of being __________ to other cultures.	superior
During this time slavery was outlawed but that doesn't mean that slavery was ___________.	embraced
What were the two types of racism in this time period?	social and institutional
What country had an end to isolation and rapidly modernized?	Japan
What was the first thing that made the world modern?	democracy
What was capitalism?	every man for himself in economy
Name 4 things that makes the "modern age."	Democracy, industrialization, capitalism, no longer agriculture based
What gradually fades away during the modern age who were once leaders in society?	Old aristocracies
During the modern age, what did your status now come from instead of your birth status?	Wealth
What class expands during the modern age?	Middle/industrial working class
During the modern age, modern cities become ___________, or people move to the city.	urbanized
The ___________ world view becomes less dominant during the modern age.	secular/ non-religious
The end of the era, or 1914, marks the start of what?	WWI
Who is at the peak of its power during the 19th century?	Europe
Who is at the peak of its power during the 20th century?	United States
What contributed to European decline during the 20th century?	WWI
_____________ ___________ strove to keep world powers in check.	Conservative backlash
What three things contribute to the changes during the time periods of this unit and the last unit.	Exploration, colonization, world trading networks
What was unprecedented during the beginning of this time period?	Never has one civilization truly dominate the world; Europe
What was linked to warfare, racial prejudice, economic exploitation, and slavery?	Imperialism
What is the base word of Imperialism?	Empire
Imperialism and what were both interconnected during this time?	Industrialization
During the 19th century, the W.Hemisphere freed itself from whose control?	European Control
What two continents did imperialist turn their eyes to during this time period?	Africa and Asia
Pride in ones country	Nationalism
Breeding people to get the best breed	Eugenics
Ideological explanations for racial superiority	Ethnocentrism
What one continent was very ethnocentric during this time period?	Europe
Theory of natural selection to sociology	Social Darwinists
Who was the most fit to survive during this time period?	Britain
What is the name of the poem written that says it is Europe's moral obligation to teach others how to be civilized?	White Man's Burden
The Chinese ___________ ___________ believed that they were the center of the world.	Middle Kingdom
What was the difference between Britain thinking they were racially superior to Japan thinking they were racially superior?	Britain has military technology to act on those beliefs.
During this time people began communicating more quickly than before. Name 4 reasons for this occurence.	Trains, telegraph, telephones, planes
Due to __________ in cities, ideas spread more quickly	urbanization
Raw materials were used to produce __________ goods of the west	Manufactured
One big farm with only one crop is known as what?	Plantation system
Profitable sugar, cotton, and cacao plantations were present in what geographic area?	Latin America
When James Monroe put a stop to European progression in the Western Hemisphere, and stopped at Latin America, this is known as what?	Monroe Doctrine
Trade with the ___________ world decreased significantly due to the Ottoman Empire weakened.	Islamic
What Canal makes Egypet a significant commerical/political power?	Suez
Who benefited with the trade imbalance?	China
After the Opium Wars, China is open to trade due to the ____________ ___ _____________.	Spheres of Influence
Non-citizens of that country doesn't have to follow that countries rules if they are just visiting.	Extraterritoriality
Russia is ______________.	Backwards
What US commander opened Japanese ports in 1854 on his second mission?	Perry
What three things led to the end of the Trans- Atlantic slave trade?	Enlightenment thought, religious conviction, slave revolt in Haiti
What was the first country to end slavery?	England
Due to the Industrial Revolution, countries are no longer __________.	agricultural
What three things occur due to the industrial revolution?	Mass production, urbanization, capitalism
What caused the industrial revolution?	Second Agricultural revolution
There is an increase in population during the IR because why?	More food available and increased medical care
How did the steam power work?	keep steam pressurized to run boats
Where were most factories put during the IR?	near a water-source
Who invented the cotton gin and interchangable parts?	Eli Whitney
What Protestant group had the best work ethic?	Methodist
Who wrote the Wealth Of Nation?	Adam Smith
The Wealth of Nations is a book credited for modern ___________.	capitalism
The Wealth of Nations said to let the open market determine demand for __________and ___________.	goods and services
No government interference and letting the people do as they please	Laissez faire capitalism
Electricity overtakes steam and coal as an _________ source.	energy
The factory system replaces ____________ system.	Domestic
What two ethnicities provide labor for plantations and mines?	Asians/Africans
During the transportation Revolution what 4 things became available for use?	locomotive, steamship, internal combustion engine, and airplaine
Birth of the working class	proletariat
What were three main problems with the working class	long hours, bad working conditions, and child labor
Middle class	bourgeise
The middle class is made up of what two types of workers?	Merchants and bankers
Social status began to be determined by ______ not by family position	wealth
What was the main reform movement about?	working class conditions
What two places was reform more of a possibility?	Great Britain and US
Why was reform more possible in GB and US?	Democracy, middle class, and impact of Enlightenment
What was the most attractive form of government in Russia during this time?	Marxism/Communism
Countries that had industrial technology had advanced military ___________	weapons
In order for countries to make industiral technology they must have raw materials. This came from the ___________	colonies
In 1879, the ___________ was invented which meant that workers could now work into the night.	lightbulb
Due to industrial changes, air pollution comes due to hazardous ____________.	machinery
What author wrote of social ills of industrialization?	Charles Dickens
Who came up wit hte Communist Manifestio?	Karl Marx
Who were protestors who destroyed factory equipment, and protested working conditions/wages?	Luddites
What was the first industrial war?	United States Civil War
Growing only one crop	monoculture
When the Americas manipulated Latin America for the growing and selling of bananas	Banana Republic
What was a major turing point in this time period, date wise?	1850
After 1850, societies recieved higher _______ and shorter working ___________.	wages, hours
Unmarried women began working as what after 1850?	secretaries, salespeople, and clerical jobs
Industrial growth was measured by what?	coal, iron, steel, and cotton production
In Japan, population began to grow which led to ___________.	urbanization
Under what leader did Japan quickly industrialize?	Meiji Restoration; second half 19th century
What alliance began to set up attacks on foreign ships that were not Japanese in Japan?	Sat-Cho Alliance
What led to the overthrowing of the Japanese Shogun and the installment of the new Japanese Emperor Meiji?	Sat-Cho Alliance
What was Latin American countries main purpose during this time?	Source for natural resources and markets
In ______________, private entreprenuers and limited foreign investment was the source of capital, whereas in ___________ government investment in intial status and Zaibatsu ran government	Britain; Japan
few wealthy banking industrial families in Japan	Zaibatsu
_____________has to import energy sources whereas_______________ has deposits of coal for steam power.	Japan; Britain
____________ developed technology whereas ___________ had to import machinery	Britain; Japan
Britain almost doubled their population in ____________ going from 5 to 9 million	1700
The acts that made public lands closed off, so people move to cites; made a pool of laborless workers	Enclosure acts
__________ like Britain also experienced a large population growth	Japan
In Britain, women's ___________ and universal _______ become a major point of emphasis.	sufferage; education
Women in Japanese societies were ____________ to men.	subordinate
Private corporations rose up in China like ____________ that put Japan on the fast forward.	Mitsubishi
Made European nations richer, more technologically adept, boosted need for scientific knowledge to explore	Industrial revolution
Factories were mainly built in ___________	cities/towns
The shift of people from country side to city	Urbanization
Poor harvests, too little land, too many people to feed	Causes of urbanization
Out of the industrial revolution, the ________ class forms	middle
Brutal working conditions, unsafe and unhelathy living conditions	working conditions during IR
Propaganda writers during the industrial revolution	Muckrakers
Discovering, learning, evaluating, understanding the natural world	Scientific Revolution
Applying knowledge and understanding of the scientific revolution to natural ends	Industrial revolution
The main and prime way for countries to increase their supply of resources and markets	Colonization
In the years fo 1800 to 1920 ______ million Europeans migrated to North/South America	50
Famine in Ireland, Anit-Semitism in Russia, Religious tolerance, poverty, joblessness	reasons people went to Americas
During the industrial revolution, middle class families in the city began to migrate to the ___________.	suburbs
European settlers in the colonies came into conflict with ___________ Americans and also exposed them to _____________.	Native; Diseases
Government approved killings in Russia on Jews	pogroms
Moral,ethical, and relgious reasons is why the _______________ _________________ _____________ stopped.	Atlantic Slave trade
In 1807 to 1808 was a turning poing in Great Britain because this was the first time the idea of ending ___________ was brought up.	slavery
During the 1800s half of America had ___________ and half did not.	slaves
Slavery was still occuring in West Africa until ___________________ ships came and blockaded West African shoreline.	British
Loss of population, reliable on importation of foreign goods,introduction of guns, vulnerable to foreign takeovers	Effects of the slave trade on Africa
During this time period, _______________ ____________ rose.	life expectancy
During this time period there was a ________ in death rate.	drop
This man came up with the germ theory and the pasturization of milk.	Louis Pasteur
During this time period there was a drop in birth rates because families don't need to produce a large family to serve as _____________ on farms.	laborers
Stealing is cheaper than dealing	colonization
colonize, drain natural resources, don't compensate natives	European countries
Two main goods coming out of the colonies	rubber/cotton
Human sewage and coal smoke lead to increase in ______________.	pollution
A disease of the bones due to unerexposure of sunlight	rickets
London, Paris, and New York pass the ___ million mark in population	1
Because people began living closer to one another, these two diseases began to spread.	Cholera/tuberculosis
In 1850, Industrial revolution is essentially over and the _____________ class starts to benefit.	working
Women began to work in ___________ after the IR	factories
Women, during this time, were ____________ less than men	paid
By the end of the century most working women were ____________, not married.	single
Women lost manufacturing jobs of the domestic system because of the factories and ____________.	putting out
Upperclass women during this time, had ___________ influence than in previous eras.	little
A new group formed during this time known as the middle class _____________.	housewives
The Victorian age came about during the reign of Queen Victoria of England that ___________ women.	idealized
When men began to earn more money, women went back to ______________ roles.	traditional
The ability to move from one class to the next	social mobility
Family that has had money for generations	old money
people who made money throughout their life with great success.	new money
A new twist comes about, when the massive lower class is working side by side to develop __________.	urbanization
Safe haven for former slaves from the British colony.	Sierra Leone
Colonizatoin scheme and safe haven for freed slaves from the US	Liberia
In what country can serfs not leave land sine the country does not have pool of factory labor.	Russia
Slaves were officially free in Russia and no longer were bound to land.	Emancipation of 1861
Freed Russian serfs became like ______________ in the American South.	sharecroppers
What invention actually expanded slavery in the American South.	Cotton gin
What were slaves required to do when working the cotton gin?	put cotton in machine
In West, greater awarness of unfair and unequal treatment began to spread that was stimualted by what two things?	Enlightenment and active role women began to take
Stressing the women's place in the home that dominated Western Culture	Cult of domesticity
Child care, teaching, domestic household work, nursing, etc.	occupations available for women
Voting rights of the people	sufferage
What one pushing force, gave women the right to vote in many European nations?	World War I
France's government was a total __________.	autocracy
Great Britains government allowed for Consitutional _______________.	limits
Absolute monarch with aristocrats that control land, wealth, political influence	total autocracy
democratic principles of the Enlightenment, Marxist principles that underlie Communism, importance of peasants and urban workers	Common strands in modern revolutions
In the early 20th century, _____________ dynastic rule ends.	dynastic
No taxation without representation appears during what revolution?	American
Who came up with the social contract in the United States?	Rousseau
People gave rights in exchange for government maintaining order and people could overthrow the government if they don't.	Social Contract
What is another name for the Seven Years War?	French and Indian War
Who wrote the famous pamphlet during the American Revolution titled Common Sense?	Thomas Paine
During the writing of Common Sense, the _____________ ____________ became a powerful tool.	printing press
The shot heard round the world.	Lexington and Concord
What year was the Declaration of Independence signed?	1776
During the American Revolution, the Americans allied themselves with _____________.	France
Establishment of the USA in 1776, Recognition by other nations and finally Britain, Loss of territory and revenues by British	Outcome of American Revolution
Polocies of Louis XVI, national debt and financial collapse, inflation and unemployment	Long-term effects of absolute monarchy in France
Who was the big spender in France and also married to Louis XVI?	Marie antoinette
During Louis XVI's reign, he needed to raise _________ and put in place an unfair system that put the wealthy first and exempts the second estate.	taxes
First estate of France	Clergy
Second estate of France	Nobles
Thrid Estate of France	everyone else
First estate made up of ___% of people	1
Second estate made up of ____% of people	2
Thrid estate made up of ______% of people	97
The rise of the ____________ in France who were seen as equals to the peasants of the Third Estate	bourgeoisie
The Sans Culottes were the ___________ and __________ class of France.	working; middle
Without fancy pants	sans culottes
Fair government, equal treatment of all citizens, separation of government powers, civil rights	Enlightenment ideas
In France, the ____________ begin to challange the king.	aristocrats
Due to the challenges brought on by the aristocrats in France, King Louis XVI calles in the ______________ General that hadn't met in 175 years	Estates
What one group of people begin to challange the voting process of the Estates General in France?	Bourgeoisie
What are the Three Estates that make up the voting process in the Estates General in France that each have one vote?	clergy, nobility, ande everyone else
Which two groups from the Estate's general always outvote the last group and always overrule everything.	clergy and nobility
The ____________ Estate declares themselves National Assembly and promises to bring a Declaration of independence to France?	Third
The Third Estate gets locked out of hall so they decide to take the _____________ ____________ ______________.	Tennis Court Oath
What marked the beginning of the French Revolution?	The stroming of the Bastille
What was the Bastille?	a prison
Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette brought to __________ for "safety" during the beginning of the French Revolution	Paris
What document was produced at the French Republic National Convention that guaranteed freedoms of the press/relgion, and increased voting rights.	Declaration of the Rights of Man
What three events in history shaped the Declaration of the Rights of Men for France?	Enlightenment, and English Bill of Rights, and the Declaration of Independence
No one is above the law	Rule of Law
What other three things enourage other revolts across Europe	Freedom, equality, and rule of law
What becomes as a result of the French Revolution with the Catholic Church?	seperation of church and state
Seperation of church and state in France led to the freedom of ____________________.	worship
Name of group of people who oppose king in France led by Robespierre.	Jaobins
Reign of Terror	Robespierre
Robespierre was known for ______________ tens of thousands of Frenchmen.	beheaded
device that Robespierre used when beheading someone	guillotine
What was Robspierre's fate?	beheaded
Universal male sufferage and universal military consription set a _________ for the rest of the world.	precedent
Five man government: Success or Failure?	Failure
Focusing on issues abroad to take mind off of domestic problems	Five man Government
Initially begins with liberal nobility and wealthy middle class, then radical representatives of poor take over, the conservative backlash, the return to dictator	Cycle of Revolution
In revolutions, how does the end of the revolution play out (who gains power)	dictator/autocrat
The ______________ ________________ revocates privileges of the Roman Catholic Church and set up limited monarchy in France	Nationaly Assembly
The National Assembly rights do not extend Jews, Protestants, blacks, and ____________.	women
What gathering abolished the monarchy and the aristocracy in France?	National Convention
Moderate Phase	National Assembly
Radical Phase	National Convention
A group of people who were searching for spies, traitors, counterrovolutionaries.	Jacobin Club
____________ people were arrested and _________ people were put to death during the Reign of Terror in France	300,000; 30,000
When Napoleon came into power for France, it was known as a ____________ ____ ______, or a quick overthrow	coup de tat
Napoleon was "voted" in as the first ___________ by popular vote	consul
Wars lasted for years, cost a ton, killed a ton, denied women basic rights, censored speech and the press.	Bad---Napoleon
Bank of France, Napoleonic Code, established universities, granted religious freedom	Good----Napoleon
Agriculture, public education, and Napoleonic Codes were part of ____________ reforms during the reign of Napoleon.	Domestic
Equality for Frenchmen	Napoleonic Codes
Women/children were severely limited during Napoleonic times.	Paternalistic
Napoleon led soldiers into ____________, Russia where the Russians burned the city whenever the France Empire made progress.	Moscow
While making moves in Moscow, the French army was _____________ and led to Napoleon's exile.	decimated
Where was Napoleon exiled to?	Elba
What three countries united to overthrow Napoleon at Waterloo, Belgium.	Austria, Russia, and Britain
When Napoleon returned, where was the second place that Napoleon got exiled to?	St. Helena (where he dies)
No major wars for 100 years, France was not punished, Reaffirmed absolute rule, and ignored ideas of the French Revolution.	Congress of Vienna
When Napoleon took over so many areas, what four countries had a return to absolute rule during the Congress of Vienna.	France, Spain, Holland, and Italy
Limited freedom of expression, press, and censorship, and more secret police forces in France and surrounding areas after the fall of Napoleon	Congress of Vienna
Due to this, the dream of popular government faded.	French Revolution
people run the government	popular government
What one person infulenced nationalism all over Europe?	Napoleon
Conservatism was due to the aftermath of ___________ wars in France.	Napoleonic
In France, a backlash to conservitism came as __________.	Liberalism
Want as many rights as possible	Liberalism
Want to protect the people	Conservatism
What united Italy and Germany after the Napoleonic wars?	Nationalism
Which was more of a revolution: American or French?	French
Why was the French Revolution more of a revolution than the American Revolution?	They wanted change not merely a transfer of power
Which revolution set more of a precedent: the American or French?	American
What percentage of people in Britain actually participated in parliament?	less than 5%
What family returns to France as parliamentary monarchy?	Louis XVI
Citizen King	Louis Phillippe
What country in Central and Eastern Europe remained mlitaristic adn authoritarian?	Prussia
What massive disturbance shook every country of Europe?	Revolution of 1848
What happened during the Revolution of 1848 that lent the name Hungry Forties?	IRish Potato Famine
Revolts occur in France due to ____________ ___________ refusing reform demands from people.	Louis Philippe
Who becomes the leader of France after Louis Philippe?	Napoleon's nephew, Louis Napoleon
What were the only two countries that were not affected by the Revolution of 1848?	Britain and Russia
Enlightenment ideals to creoles and mulattoes led to what major revolution?	Haiti
Who is in charge of Haiti before the Haitian Revolution?	France
What country exported coffee, sugar, cocoa, and indigo under France's policy?	Haiti
By 1800 in Haiti, ______% of the population were slaves	90
Who was the first leader in the Haitian Revolution and also a former slave himself?	Toussaint L'Ouverture
What two countries saw an oppritunity to take Haiti but was defeated by Haitians and the French?	Britain and Spain
Ath the end of the Civil War, slaves in Haiti were freed but they were still a __________ colony.	French
When Napoleon tries to retake Haiti what two things contribute most to a Haitian victory?	Haitians capable fighters, and yellow fever killed many soldiers
In ________ Haiti declared its independence	1804
Jacques Dessalines, a former slave in Haiti, became __________-__________ for life.	governor-general
What country had the first successful slave revolt in history and was also the first independent nation in Latin America?	Haiti
Who sold vast Louisiana Territory to US for bargain?	Napoleon---France
What gave the US control of the N.American continent and brought about a major shift in global power?	Purchase of the Louisiana Territory
What one person was a catalyst for nationalism and a spark for Latin American independence	Napoleon
___________ alone did not bring about a good government	Freedom
Military/Political strongmen	Caudillos
Latin America was ________ which meant they only grew one crop	monoculture
People of mixed race, Indians, blacks victims of informal _____________ in Latin America.	prejudice
Revolution in Haiti and distraction of Spain by its war with France led to the 1st ____________ revolution.	Mexico
What city did Mexicans cry for peace?	El Grito de Dolores
Who made the call of El Grito de Dolores	the priest
Who was the Mexican priest that led the revolt in Mexico?	Miguel Hidalgo
During the Mexican revolt of Spain, ___________ was killed.	Hidalgo
What leader picked up where Hidalgo left off on the Mexican Revolution?	Jose Morelos
The Spanish were kicked out by ___________ during the 1st Mexican Revolution.	liberals
After the Spanish were kicked out of the first Mexican Revolution, Mexico became a ____________.	republic
During the 2nd Mexican Revolution, the Mexicans wanted free ______________.	elections
The constitution of ___________ in Mexico is still in place today.	1917
Nationalized ownership of natural resources and Church property, restricted religion(Catholic Church), provided for minimum wage, and extended suffrage to all males in Mexico.	Constitution of 1917
China faced a defeat in what major war between them and Japan during the crumbling of their country?	Sino-Japanese War
What did the Japanese get when they defeated China in the Sino-Japanese war?	Korea
Dragon Lady	Empress Cixi
Concubine that ruled for nephew into adulthood that had an oppressive rule.	Empress Cixi
Empress Cixi opposed all reform and even had her ___________ killed and arrested for the "Hundred Days Reform"	nephew
The Chinese Revolution of 1911 was a __________ of Cixi's conservatism.	backlash
After the Chinese Revolution of 1911, they declared themself a _____________ under Nationalist party	republic
Unification of much of China begun under ________ _______-__________	Sun yat-sen
Father of modern China	Sun yat-sen
What part did Sun yat-sen belong to?	Nationalist
Nationalism in China was an opposition to ____________ rule.	Manchu
People's livelihood, democracy, and nationalism in China	People's Principles
Where was Sun Yat-sen when the Revolution in China started and what was he doing?	America; reading a newspaper
1st time in history China was not ruled by imperial dynasty/foregin conquerer.	Sun Yat-sen/ Revolt started
When Sun was forced to step down, what resulted within China?	Civil War
During the Chinese Civil War, who helped some of the Chinese?	Aided by Soviets
Who was Sun's successor?	Chiang Kai-shek
There was a fight for control of China with ____________ under Mao Zedong	Communists
Who was the Venezualan leader who was Enlightened educated and traveled to Europe/United State?	Simon Bolivar
When Bolivar wins control in Venezuela, he envisions the __________ ___________ like South America.	United States
Who was the leader of Argentina who took the revolution through Argentina, Chile, and Peru?	Jose de San Martin
By the 1820s, a huge chunk of ________ ____________ was freed from Spanish rule.	South America
In Brazil, ___________ invaded adn forced the Portugese king, John VI to flee to Brazil.	Napoleon
When Portuguese King John VI flees to Brazil he leaves behind his son, _________ to rule Brazil.	Pedro
Brazil abolished slavery in 1888 because Pedro declares Brazil's ______________.	independence
People vote for people who make laws	republic
Europe booted out of vast chunks of America, but independence is not accompanied by widespread freedom	Effects of Latin American indpenedence movements
Catholic Church remained powerful, economies largely dependent on Europe, Specialized in a few cash crops	Things that remained the same in Latin America even after independence movements
What one country in Latin America, diversified economy fairly successfully?	Chile
What two countries had som social reforms/broadened economies?	Brazil and Argentina
Who had absolute power in Russia?	czars
Alexander I and Nicholas I in Russia used secret police to squash _______________.	rebellions
In 1860s in Russia, Alexander II created ___________ __________ which abolished serfdom.	Emancipation Edict
Serfs given small plots of land, had to give huge payments to the government, difficult to improve situation, some move to cities to work in industries in Russia	Life after Serfdom in Russia for peasants
War and Peace	Tolstoy
The Brothers Karamoazov	Dostoyevsky
Swan Lake and Nutcracker	Tchaikovsky
all Russians had to lear Russian language/convert to Orthodoxy anyone who didn't was persecuted, especially Jews	Russification
Socialists in Russia began to organize and tried to rally Russians around the flag, but humiliated Japanese because Nicholas II doesn't react to ____________.	Revolution
When Moderates in Russia march on czar's palace peacefully and ask for reform but the czar sends his troops against protestors known as ____________ ____________.	Bloody Sunday
The ___________ has no real power in Russia because everytime they're about to make a change, the czar disbands it.	Duma
Who was a central figure in the freedom movement in India and at teh Indian National Congress?	Mohandas K. Gandhi
The Mexican revolution was unique because it was the revolution of the Mestizos and ____________ _____________.	Native Americans
Led by wealthy, educated creoles, newly indepent nations replaced governing penninsulares with elit creoles, and little changed	Characteristics of Latin American Revolutions
Rich people from Spain who are running things in the country	peninsulares
Between 1808 and 1824, all ___________ colonies became independent nations.	Spanish
Civil Wars and the legacy of caudillo as the head of government.	Effects of Latin American revolutions
Who created nationalism throughout Europe?	Napoleon
Before becoming a united nation, which country during the mid-19th century was a tangle of foreign controlled small kingdoms?	Italy
Who was an Italian nationalis that led the Redshirts in Itlay that gained and basically united Italy?	Giuseppi Garibaldi
The German and Austrian Empire provinces had not been united since the ______________ ____________ ____________.	Holy Roman Empire
Who was the prime minister of Germany while they were trying to become one nation?	Otto von Bismark
What was Otto von Bismark's main goal while prime minister of Germany?	Build the military
What was the major part of Germany before it was actually Germany?	Prussia
What was the First Reich in Germany?	Holy roman Empire
What is the Second Reich in Germany?	Second Empire
Due to the unification of Germany, they quickly ____________.	industrialize
During the Second Half of the Century, what form of government was becoming popular?	represntative
Industrialization, modernization, urbanization, population growth all lead to the new trend of countries becoming a __________ government.	representative
The Second and Third Reform Acts in Great Britain extended ___________ __________ to everyone.	Universal Suffrage
Aristocracy trying to retain privaleges, growing middle class has ambitions of higher status, enormous working class striving for equality.	Problems occuring within Great Britain
Louis Napoleon of France renamed himself _____________ _____.	Napoleon III
Louis Napoleon was deposed of after losing what war of 1871?	Franco-Prussian
After the war of 1871, France becomes a democratic ____________ and allowed universal suffrage.	republic
Who unified Italy?	Garibaldi
Who unified Germany?	Von Bismarck
_____________ - ___________ is two countries internally but one country internationally	Austria Hungry
What was the name of the war in which Russia fought the Ottoman Empire for the Balkans and suffered a defeat?	Crimean War
What czar in Russia was forced to implement liberal reforms such as modernizing Russia and the emancipation of serfs?	Alexander II
Who assassinated Alexander II of Russia	the rich/ radical terrorists
Who came first: Alexander II or Nicholas II?	Alexander II
Under what thing in Japan did Japan become centralized?	Tokugawa Shogunate
Highly dictatorial, stratified society, few personal freedoms, and isolated	problems with Tokugawa Shogunate
Abolishes feudalism, constitution comes about in Japan	Meiji Restoration
Industrialization took place in Japan under the ___________ restoration.	Meiji
Japan stole the ___________ service exam during the Meiji Restoration from the Chinese	civil
Due to industrialization, the __________ class gains power in Japan	middle
state funded education, now allowed to serve in military, population skyrocketed.	Lower class citizens in Japan after IR
Who was the woman English writer who is known as the mother of modern feminism?	Mary Wolstonecraft
What was the title of the book written by Mary Wolstonecraft	A Vindication of the Rights of Women
Who is a follower of Wolstonecraft that writes a playwright that argues for women's suffrage?	Olympes de Gouges
Women were individuals with different strenghts and abilities and permitted to develop them without social restrictions	Feminists belief
Teaching, nursing, provided care for poor	women's work
Who was the leader for suffrage during this time (group of people)	upper class
When were women finally granted the right to vote?	after WWI
Due to industrialization, the new lower class became known as the ____________ class.	working
Slavery was still key to ___________ and ___________ century world economy	18th and 19th
During the IR, there was a fall of ____________ and a rise of capitalism	mercantilism
When economic competition is inherently unfair and leeads to injustice/ inequality; Utopian societies	Socialism
More radical socialism where workers would eventually overthrow bosses and no longer has a need for the state	Marxism
Person who developed idea of Marxism and wrote Communist Manifesto	Karl Marx
Ideally the perfect justice, social equality and plenty type of government	Communism
Goods are distributed by need	Communism
Goods are distributed by how hard you work	Socialism
One common thread between Communism and Socialism	Government controls resources
What was the only non-Western nation to develop effective, modern colonial empire?	Japan
the want of no government at all	anarchism
groups of people who are not treated right and decide to strike	Trade Unions
Are trade unions liberal or conservative ideas?	liberal
Starting in the west, _____________, secular worldview became paramount.	scientific
Who came up with the theory of evolution?	Charles Darwin
Literacy rates rose in the 1800s due to more acess to ________ education.	public
Massive waves of emigration from Europe and China came into what two continents?	North and South America
What was the preferred destination of many immigrants but others had to settle in Canada, Argentina, and Chile?	United States
Who came up with Cubism?	Picasso
Artists of this time broke rules with new type of art forms. Name three.	Expressionism, Cubism, and abstraction
Who is the person who came up with "God is Dead" during a time of crisis and an uncertainty in art?	Fridrich Nietzche
Non-western parts of the world began adapting forms of the __________.	west
With whom did the idea of Romanticism develop?	Rousseau
What was the idea of Romanticism a backlash of?	The Enlightnement
What was the idea of being an emotional and passionate person?	Romanticism
What idea rejected Romanticism and had a critical view of life?	Realism
Hungry for raw materials, markets for goods, and industrialization gave West the ability and reasons to conquer the world were causes of what?	Imperialism
For what reason did America take over Hawaii?	Sugar and pinapples
Latin America, Central America and the Carribean all relied on foreign ___________ and loans.	goods
Why was there such a need for bases and maintaining coal stations around the world?	For navy fleets, fueling facilities, and ports
During the 1800s there was better science and technology therefore there were better __________ made by cartographers.	maps
Many countries used disease as a weapon against outside forces, name three common diseases of this time that eventually faded due to improvements in medicine.	sleeping sickness, yellow fever, and malaria
There was racial superiority during this time and nations felt that it was their duty to ___________ backward/ primitive nations.	conquer
Who spoke these words: "I contend that we are the finest race in the world, and the more of it we inhabit, the better it is."	Cecil Rhodes
THe idea that those who are technologically/culturally advanced should conquer others.	Social Darwinism
Who wrote "White Man's Burden?"	Rudyard Kipling
What does it mean when it says, "the sun never sets on the British empire."	The British empire was so large that the sun never set on it.
Which country was rich in luxuries such as tea, silk, salt, jute that British eventually conquered?	India
Fighting between which two religions gave an opening for European rule in India?	Hinduism and Islam
In the 1750's, the British East India company conquered _______________ which gave them exclusive trade over India.	Bangladesh
The British East India Company used Indians called ____________ as soldiers or bodyguards.	Sepoys
The British did not respect the Sepoys by greasing the bullet cartridges with _____/_______ fat which was against Hindu and Muslim religious practices.	pork/beef
During the Sepoy _________, tens of thousands were killed.	Mutany
In reaction to the Sepoy Mutany, the British makes ____________ a crown colony.	India
Christianity spread, urbanization occured, and the textile industry became popular when Britain took over ____________.	India
In 1885, the ____________ ___________ ___________ was formed which began the path towards independence in India.	Indian National Congress
Profits generated by raw materials sent back to Britain, drove locals out of business, mass famines kill one third of Indian population, and explotation were all ___________ of the British rule over India.	disadvantages
Modernized country, pro-Western ideas, and motivated by increased efficiency were all ____________ of the British taking over India.	advantages
While the British were in power in India, ___________ was outlawed, or the burning of widows, along with ____________, the ritual sassassination of travelers.	sati; thuggee
Southeast Asia before the 1800s, only major regions were controlled by Europe which includes ____________ and _____________.	Philippines and Indonesia
Who was Indonesia controlled by at this time?	Dutch East India Company
The French conquest of Indochina included what three countries?	Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia
What was French's main mission in Southeast Asia?	To civilize modern technology and science to the colonies
What one country in Southeast Asia remained independent due to leadership and good luck?	Thailand
Thailand lays between British ____________ and French _________.	Burma; Indochina
In the Spanish American War of 1898, the Americans and _____________ overthrew Spanish.	Natives
Prevent from fallin into hands of Japanese, Superb naval base in Pacific, and the "moral" obligation to hep brothers were all good reasons why the US should colonize the ____________________.	Phillipines
There were __________ wars in jungles for US to maintain the colony of the Philipines.	savage
What Philipino person turns against the US in a bloody battle while the US is trying to colonize the Philipines?	Emilio Aguinaldo
What country remained mostly isolated and didn't make exploring a priority?	China
Mapoleon saw China as a "_______________ ____________ with an untapped population, size, and resources.	Sleeping dragon
China expanded by conquering ______________, but didn't take expansion beyond region.	neighbors
There was much backwardness in China as they were unwilling to modernize/_____________ which left them vulnerable.	industrialize
What was the only trading port city that China used for trade?	Port of Canton
Weak, incompetent emperors, corruption, and population growth too radily were reasons why the Chinese were ___________.	weak
China's really only advantage was the imbalance in __________.	trade
Little silver coins used in China.	bullion
Who spoke these words: "Your country has nothing we need."	Lord Maccartney
China felt that they were the ____________ kingdom or the center of the universe.	middle
In 1773 Britain introduced _____________ which was a clever, but unethical way to break into Chinese markets.	opium
List three countries besides Britain and China that get involved with opium trade.	US, France, and Portugal
The trade balance swung during the opium period because Britain had __% of trade.	80
What is this referring to? "The foreigners have brought us a disease which will dry up our bones, a worm that gnaws at our hearts, a ruin to our families and persons. It means the destruction of the soul of our nation."	The Opium introduced by Britain
The Chinese seized British opium in __________ in 1839 by arresting drug dealers, seizing supplies, and intercepting boats.	Canton
From 1839 to 1842, the British and Chinese fought wars over ___________ trade.	opium
In the opium wars, the British/Chinese were forced to sign the Treaty of ________.	Nanjing
Who won the opium war?	Britain
In the Second opium war, the Chinese _____________ and in result all of China was opened to European trade.	lost
What city was the one exception after the Second opium wars that had no desire to colonize.	Hong Kong
What was the name of the rebellion in China were Buddhist anti taxes and corruption was the main cause of the rebellion?	White Lotus Rebellions
What was the second deadliest war in the history of the world?	Taping Rebellion
Who thought he was Jesus's brother and resented taxes and arbitrary and was also eventually defeated---China?	Hong Xiuquan
In the Sino-French war, Vientam goes to the ____________.	French
In 1895, Japan defeats China in the _______________ - _____________ war and takes Taiwan.	Sino-Japanese
The Open Door Policy opens up China to the rest of the world and the ______ want in on the action.	US
A society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists that were anti-manch, anti-European, and anti-Christian; martial art experts.	Boxers
What was the Boxer's main goal in China during their rebellion?	Drive Europeans and Japanese out of China
What war tactics did the Boxer's use during their rebellion in China?	guerrilla warefare
The Boxer's were easily defeated onece the _______________/_____________ sent in reinforcements.	Europeans/Japanese
Who was the last emperor of China?	Henry Puyi
Henry Puyi was just a ___________, when he became the last emperor of China.	baby
In Southeast Asia, Britain takes control of ___________ on the Malay peninsula.	Burma
Who takes Indonesia in Southeast Asia? (European country)	Dutch
In 1880-1910, Europe was able to take over the "Dark Continent" in the "_____________________ for Africa."	Scramble
In the Berlin Conference, countries from all around set up rules concerning Africa. Who was the one country not invited?	Africa
By 1910, only _____________ and ___________ were free when concerning African countries.	Liberia; Ethiopia
Why was Liberia free during 1910?	Where freed slaves went
Why was Ethiopia free in 1910?	They defeated the Italians during a war
Throughout the world and Africa, naval superiority was inefficient until the ___________ boat was created.	steam
Before 1880, only _____% of Africa was controlled by another country, by 1914 all but two countries were controlled.	10
During the Age of Exploration, Africa was important for slave trading, resources, and other countries could establish ____________ bases and small colonies.	naval
what is ivory made out of?	elephant tusks
Ironically, the Africans gained power from the Atlantic Slave Trade because they received __________ from European countries.	weapons
Some slaves that returned to Africa, settled in the country of ___________.	Liberia
What was the strongest and most unified of West African states?	Ashanti Kingdom
What was Africa most important assests?	gold/diamonds
The Dutch set up a stopping point for ships in Africa in what town?	Cape Town
Who seized Cape Town in 1795 from the Dutch?	British
What were the South African/Dutch people called?	Boers/Afrikaners
In the ___________ war, the British fought the Dutch for the mines and resources in that area, and all of S. Africa becomes part of the British Empire.	Boer
Who were the Boer's most fearsome African enemy?	Zulus
What Zulu leader seized power and united clans to defeat the Boers; also known as the Black Napoleon	Shaka Zulu
In 1912, the _______________ National congress organized to oppose colonialism and specific S. African policies.	African
The Modern Era of African history began with the discover of ____________ deposits in 1870's.	diamond
In the Diamond mines of S. Africa, there was racial ___________ that set precedent for Apartheid laws.	segregation
Who was the powerful ruler of Egypt that began the industrialization of Egypt?	Muhammad Ali
What leader in Egypt actually slowed westenization?	Abbas I
The French and the English began construction of the _____________ canal which was completed in 1869.	Suez
Which canal came first? The Suez or the Panama?	Suez
Which country really benefited from the Suez canal since it gave them better access to India?	British
Who takes control of the Suez Canal and Egypt decides to sell stack in canal but ended losing most of it's power?	Britain
Egypt became a British _____________, which means that they would help them in wartime; puppet local government.	protectorate
What German leader held the Berlin Conference that hosted many European powers?	Otto von Bismark
Added substantial infrastructure such as railroads, dams, and roads was a postive of what major conference?	Berlin
Stripped Africa of its resources, treated the natives harshly, borders based on European priorities were all negatives that came out of what major conference?	Berlin
The military superiority of Europe, the effective medicines were all ____________ reasons why the European conquest of Africa was so easy.	external
Technological backwardness, intertribal and interkingdom warfare were all ___________ reasons for why the European conquest of Africa was so easy.	internal
After the scramble for Africa, the British received the "Cape to _____________" whose administrative style was similar to that of India; took "White Man's Burden" approach	Cairo
After the Scramble for Africa, the French received primarily the __________________ north.	Saharan
After the scramble for Africa, Belgium received ____________ who they explotied for rubber trees and vines.	Congo
Which country would cut off hands of those who did not meet quotas while working?	Belgium
Which country had poor luck colonizing and faced a humiliating loss to Ethiopia at the Battle of Adowa?	Italy
Many African families broken up, men went to work on plantations, led to decreased food supply and malnutrition, and women were forced to grow food to survive were all effects of ________________ imperialism.	European
European ______________ was one of the causes for World War I.	imperialism
In Central Asia, Britain was facing off with ___________ for control of the "stans."	Russia
What was the intensity of the British vs. the Russians for the "stans" called?	The Great Game
How to fill the void of failing Ottoman Empire became known as The "______________ Question."	Eastern
What were the names of the pro-Western army officers in the Middle East?	Young Turks
Who took control of the Ottoman Empire in 1908 and created a parliamentary government?	Young Turks
In Egypt, Muhammad Ali revolt of 1805 took over Egypt from the _________________.	Ottomans
When Muhammad Ali begins to expand the Egyptian empire, what two countries step in and stop Muhammad?	France and Britain

Created by: jbartley55

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