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amino acids

QuestionAnswer
What is the general formula for amino acids? RCH(NH2)COOH
Which is the simplest amino acid? glycine
What is a zwitterion? A dipolar ionic form of the amino acid caused by the internal transfer of a hydrogen ion
What is the isoelectric point? The pH at which there is no net electric charge
Are the isoelectric points at pH 7? No, every amino acid has its own isoelectric point
What causes the different isoelectric points? The R group
What does amphoteric mean? They can react with both acids and bases
How does the amino acid behave when at a pH that is more acidic than the isoelectric point? It behaves as a base and accepts a proton to form a positive ion
How does the amino acid behave when at a pH that is more alkaline than the isoelectric point? It behaves as an acid and donates a proton to form a negative ion
If the isoelectric point is pH 6.5 and the amino acid is at pH 1, how does it behave? As a base
Which molecules are amino acids used to make? Peptides and proteins
How many amino acids does the body use to assemble proteins? 20
Which reaction joins amino acids? Condensation
Which bond joins amino acids? Amide or peptide link
What is eliminated during condensation? Water
What is a protein? A long chain of amino acids
How are proteins broken down? Hydrolysis
How many types of hydrolysis are there? 2
What are the conditions for acid hydrolysis? Heat under reflux with 6moldm-3 HCl for 24 hours
What are the conditions for alkaline hydrolysis? Aqueous sodium hydroxide at 100 C
What are the products of alkaline hydrolysis? Carboxylate salts
What form of isomerism do amino acids show? Optical isomerism
What is a chiral carbon? A carbon atom attached to 4 different groups
Created by: AnnabelS
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