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Chemistry
S1 Exam Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What scientist discovered the atom | Democritus |
| Atoms come from the Greek word | Atomos |
| John Dalton's Theory | matter is composed of indivisible particles |
| John Dalton's Theory | different elements have different atoms |
| John Dalton's Theory | atoms combine in certain whole number ratios |
| John Dalton's Theory | in a chemical reaction atoms are rearranged to form new compounds |
| What are some problems associated with John Dalton's Theory | atoms can be divided ; but only in nuclear reaction |
| J.J Thompson's Plum Pudding Model & discovery | atom as being made up of these capsules swarming a sea of positive charge |
| Ernest Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment | atoms are merely rearranged; alpha particles were released as a thin beam towards a thin piece of gold foil 98% went straight through, 2% went through deflected by large angles |
| who discovered the nature of electrons charge? | Joseph John Thomson |
| What scientist names the electron | G.Johnstone Stoney |
| What scientist determined that electrons reside in specific energy levels? | Niels Bohr |
| Who discovered the neutron? | James Chadwick |
| What scientist discovered the mole concept? | Amedeo Avogadro |
| What scientist discovered the mass of an electron and confirmed that the electron carries a negative charge? | Robert A Millikan |
| What are subatomic particles composed of? | protons, neutrons, electrons |
| proton | p+ 1 |
| electron | e- 0 |
| neutron | n^o 1 |
| protons and neutrons cluster together to form the central core of what? | nucleus |
| what is the smallest particle of an element that has the chemical properties of the element? | atom |
| what is an atomic number | proton |
| what is a mass number | proton & neutron |
| How do you determine the neutrons in an element? | atomic mass - atomic number |
| how many quarks are there | six |
| what are the quarks | up, down, charm, top, bottom, strange |
| what is an atom of same element but different mass number? | isotope |
| what is an atom/molecule group that has gained/lost one or more electrons | ion |
| what is the charge of a cation | positive |
| what is the charge of an anion | negative |
| metals___electrons | gain |
| nonmetals___electrons | lose |
| what is the form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space? | electromagnetic radiation |
| what is the entire frequency range of electromagnetic waves | electromagnetic spectrum |
| for every quantum state the standard deviation of is position multipled by the standards of its momentum | Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle |
| determines which term symbol corresponds to the ground state | Hund's Rule |
| electrons in the outermost shell of an atom | electrons |
| who discovered the periodic table | Dmitri Mendeleev |
| how did D.Mendeleev arrange the periodic table | according to properties, trends, and patterns |
| Who arranged the periodic Table according to increasing atomic numbers? | Moseley |
| physical & chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of atomic numbers | periodic law |
| who discovered the law of triads? | Johann Dobereiner |
| who discovered Law of octaves | jOHN nEWLANDS |
| tendency of an atom to attract electrons in the formation of an ionic bond | electronegativity |
| energy required to move valence electron | ionization energy |
| measurement of size of an ion in a crystal lattice | ionic radius |
| measures size of atoms; distance fom nucleus | atomic radius |
| all elements occur naturally up to__? | #92, Uranium |
| radioactive elements | actinides |
| shiny, similar to group 2 | lanthanides |
| elements show similar behavior to the 8th element following it in the table | law of octave |
| S block groups | Group 1 & Group 2 |
| highly reactive, react with oxygen in air, stored in oil, silvery in appearance, good conductors of heat | alkali metals |
| group 1 | alkali metals |
| group 2 | alkaine metals |
| group 3 - 8 | transition metals |
| group 7A | halogens |
| groups 8A | noble gases |
| harder, denser, stored in oil, stonger, higher melting points than group 1 | alkaline metals |
| only elements thats a metal & liquid transition metal | Mercury |
Created by:
christianex3
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