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What event led to the start of the Civil War and when did it occur?
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How did the issue of secession contribute to the attack on Fort Sumter?
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civil war 8th grade
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What event led to the start of the Civil War and when did it occur? | The outpost at Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861 |
| How did the issue of secession contribute to the attack on Fort Sumter? | South wanted to own Fort Sumter, but Nort refused |
| Why were the border states significant? | because they were not any specific side and were equally divided in the war? |
| Describe the strategy of the North | -Destroy the South's economy with a naval blockade of Southern ports. -Gain control of Mississippi River to divide the South. -Others wanted to attack and capture Confederate capital~ Richmond, VA. |
| How did the war affect family loyalties and friendships on each side? | People tried to recruit each other, and also put aside friendship to work their hardest in the war. |
| Why did the South have brilliant officers? | because with it's strong military tradition, they hired them and Southern farms provided food for their army. |
| Describe the strategy of the South | Wear down North and capture Washington D.C. and win foreign allies with cotton diplomacy. |
| List three ways the southerm strategy benefited from the fact that the North had to invade and control the South | They often fought on the home soil so they were familiar with the area. Wilderness covered a lot of South so North found it difficult to cross. Many rivers ran from east to west. Because of this, North had to attack South from the side, not front. |
| In what ways did civilians support the troops? | They raised money, provided aid for soldiers, and their familis, and ran emergency hospitals |
| What problems did both armies face during the war? | Shortages of clothing, food, and rifles, they had no standard uniform |
| What types of supplies were issued to soldiers? | Tents, rifles, food, sacks. |
| What was the first MAJOR battle of the Civil war and which side won? | First Manassas and Confederacy |
| At the BEGINNING of the war, who became the leader of the main Union Army and what was this army called? | George B. McLellan and the Army of the Potomac |
| Who became the new leader of the Confederate Army and what skills did he bring to the job? | Robert E. Lee and unpredictable moves (he graduated from US Military Academy, served in Mexican war, and led Federal troops at Harper's ferry) |
| Describe the Seven Day's Battles and the outcome | Lee attacks in Summer 1862, forced Union army to retreat from near Richmond. |
| How did Jackson's defeat of General Pope's Union forces at the Second Battle of Bull Run affect Lee's plans? | Confederate- huge victory, so General Robert E. Lee decided it was time to take the war to the North |
| How did the Confederate leaders hope to follow up Lee's successes in Virginia? | With a major victory on Northern soil |
| Who was the leader on each side in the Battle of Antietam, and which side won? | Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson-Confederate and George B. McLellan-Union. Strategic Union |
| Which side held naval advantage in the war and why? | Union because they had enough industry to build more ships |
| Why might control of the seas benefit a power at war? | Because you could have a blockade to stop trade and ruin economy and sneak attack on other states |
| How did the ironclads signal a revolution in naval warfare? | British helped Confederacy with them to defeat the Union |
| What was the focus of the Union's western campaign? | Taking control of the Mississippi River |
| Why was Grant considered the victor at the Battle of Shiloh? | Because he was able to regain Ohio territory and push Confederacy back to Mississippi |
| How was Admiral Farragut able to capture New Orleans? | He had his ships wrapped in heavy chains to protect them, then disguised them. Confederate found them and shot one of his ships. His fleet slipped by the twin forts and made it to New Orleans |
| Why did Grant decide to starve Vicksburg into surrender? | Because their guns had trouble reaching the city |
| What early actions did Confederate forces take to try to control lands west of the Mississippi River? | tried to make Union halt. Failed |
| Why did some Cherokee fight for the South? | because they hoped the South would give them freedom |
| Who replaced McLellan as Head of the Army of Potomac? | General Ambrose E. Burnside |
| How did Burnside's tactics differ from McLellan's? | Took a different route. Swift, decisive attack |
| When did the battle of Gettysburg begin, and what event triggered the start of the battle? | July 1, 1863 and when Confederate troops went to Gettysburg to buy boots, etc. and ran into General George G. Meade's troops |
| Who had the best military position at the start of the battle, and why was the position a good one? | Union because they were on a hill and it was almost impossible to overrun |
| Describe Pickett's Charge | 1 mile Confederate marched slowly toward Cemtery Ridge-Union task to charge Confederate in three units Many severe losses |
| At what event did Lincoln deliver the Gettysburg Address? | Ceremony of Gettysburg battlefield cemetery |
| In the Gettysburg Address, how did Lincoln express the reasons for which the war was being fought? | Referred to Declaration of Independence- Ideas of liberty, equality, and democracy |
| What two important Union leaders led campaigns in the East and in the South in 1864? | Ulysses S. Grant, and General William Tecumseh Sherman |
| What was the Wilderness Campaign? | Series of battles designed to capture Confederate capital at Richmond VA. |
| Why was Grant's Wilderness Campaign successful despite the high casualty toll? | because he had been able to travel to Richmond |
| What were two consequences of Sherman's victories in the South? | Atlanta was destroyed by artillery and fire andd Union was strongly attacked a lot |
| How did Grant cut off Lee's escape to North Carolina? | trapped them and demanded a surrender |
| What was the condition of Lee's Confederate troops at this point? | Bad, running out of everything |
| What do the terms of the surrender reveal about Grant's character and feelings for Lee? | Grant didn't hate him, he gave them food and allowed them to keep their horses. Found surrender tragic rather than joyful |
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