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AP Lang Terms 1-50
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| allegory | representation of an abstract idea through material form; microcosm; uses analogies |
| alliteration | repetition of inital consonant sounds |
| allusion | a passing or casual reference; an incidental mention of something |
| analogy | inferred similarity based on a previous similarity (comparison) dog:bark :: cat:meow |
| anaphora / epanaphora | repetition of a word/phrase at the beginning of successive clauses |
| anecdote | short narrative of interesting/amusing incident; used to prove a point |
| annotation | note made while reading |
| antagonist | character opposing the protagonist (main character) |
| antecedent | noun to which a pronoun refers |
| antimetabole | repetition of words in successive clauses in transposed grammatical order |
| antithesis | contrast in ideas using obvious contrast in words, clauses, or sentences with parallel grammatical structure ex. in peace you are for war, and in war you long for peace |
| anthropomorphism | personification - giving human attributes to animals, nature, etc. ex: Alice in Wonderland |
| aphorism | short statement of truth: "To thine ownself be true." |
| apostrophe | rhetorically adressing an inanimate object or a person who cannot answer; interrupts discourse; ex: "O moon!" |
| apposition/apositive | "my friend, Alice" noun phrases placed side by side, with one acting to modify the other. |
| archaic diction | thine, thy, thee, thus, etc. |
| Aristotelian triangle | connection between speaker, subject, and audience |
| arrangement | organization of a piece of rhetoric |
| aside | character's thoughts - others on stage cannot hear |
| assertion | an emphatic statement; a claim |
| assumption | an underlying belief |
| asyndeton | lack of conjunctions |
| attitude | a speaker's tone toward a subject or audience |
| audience | those who the speaker appeals to in the Aristotelian triangle; writer must always be mindful |
| bias | a prejudice or disposition toward one side of a subject |
| blank verse | poetry with regular meter, but no rhyme |
| cacophony | a harsh, discordant mixture of sounds |
| catharsis | cleaning of emotions; purging of pity and fear; term coined by Aristotle |
| character | representation of a person in a narrative or dramatic work of art |
| chiasmus | antimetabole- repetition of words in successive clauses in transposed grammatical order ex: "He knowingly led and we followed blindly" (A B B A) (Subject, adverb, verb, conjunction (cross), subject, verb, adverb.) |
| circumlocution/periphrasis | longwinded way of speaking |
| claim | assertion; emphatic statement |
| classical model | 5 part structure for a speech: 1) introduction 2) narration 3) confirmation 4) refutation 5) conclusion |
| climax | point of greatest intensity or force in an ascending series |
| close reading | careful, sustained interpretation of a short text, focusing on the details: syntax, specific words, order of sentences / ideas |
| colloquialism | informal expression used in casual conversation ex: swine flu, "got dumped" |
| comic relief | inclusion of a humorous character, scene or witty dialogue in an otherwise serious work, often to relieve tension ex: Osric in Hamlet |
| concede | to acknowledge an opponent's argument |
| conclusion | brings piece to a logical ending, reenforces logos and stresses pathos, summarizes entire piece |
| confirmation | 3rd part of classical model - concrete details, classically logos to establish a point of view |
| conflict | the "problem" in a piece of literature |
| connotation | feeling of a word - emotion association |
| context | the parts of a written or spoken statement that precede or follow a specific word or passage, usually influencing its meaning or effect: You have misinterpreted my remark because you took it out of context. |
| convention | method of doing something |
| counterargument | rebuttal; opposition to a writer's thesis - important to acknowledge this because it shows that a speaker has thoroughly considered the subject before making an assertion |
| cumulative sentence | long sentence covering lots of ground; independent clause followed by many detailed subordinate constructions; contrasts with periodic sentence. |
| deductive reasoning | general statement, down to smaller, down to conclusion (works down to specifics) top-down |
| inductive reasoning | bottom-up reasoning: (works up to generalities) ex: Every life form we know of depends on liquid water to exist. (Specific observations) All life depends on liquid water to exist. (Generalized conclusion) |
| denotation | specific dictionary definition; literal language that makes sense from a realistic point of view |
| denouement | events between falling action and actual end of a drama; the "conclusion" |
| deus ex machina | "god from the machine" too easy ending |
Created by:
bghicondey
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