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EKG 2010
ekg chaps 1-7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what does Cardivascular mean? | related to the heart and blood vessels (veins and arteries) |
| what is an electtocardiogram? | a tracing of the signal produced by the hearts electrical activity and used for diagnostic evaluation of the heart. |
| what is an arrythmia? | an abnormal or absence of normal heartbeat, also known as dysrhythmia. |
| what is electrocardiology? | the study of the hearts electrical activity. |
| what is an electrocardiograph? | an instrument used to record the electrical activity of the heart. |
| what is a defibrillator? | a machine that produces and sends an electrical shock to the heart that is intended to correct the abnormal electrical pattern of the heart. |
| what is AED? | used to analye the heart rhythm and produces a shock if necessary. |
| True or False: An ECG machine produces and records the electical activity of the heart? | False |
| True or False: Standard precautions are guidlines written for health care providers to help prevent the spread of infection? | True |
| True or False: When performing an ECG, you should know the equiptment, infection control principles, communication techniques, and safety guidlines? | True |
| True or False: A transtelephonis monitor transmits an ECG over the internet? | False |
| what is the left ventricle? | heart chamber that pumps blood to the body known as the workhorse of the heart. |
| what is the Tricuspid Valve? | The valve located between the right atrium and the right venttricles. |
| What is the Left Atrium? | heart chamber that revieves blood from the lungs. |
| What is the Aorta? | largest artery that transports blood to the entire body. |
| What is the Pulmonary Artery? | Blood vessel that provides a pathway for the deoxygenated blood to return to the lungs. |
| What is the Right Atrium? | chamber of the heart that recieves blood from the body. |
| What is the Right Ventricle? | Chamber of the heart that pumps blood to the lungs. |
| What is the Semilunar Valve? | A type of valve located in the aorta and the pulmonary artery. |
| What is the Pulmonary Vein? | Blood vessel that transports blood from the lungs to the Left Atrium. |
| What is the Mitral Valve? | atrioventricular valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle. |
| What is Excitability? | abaility of the heart muscle cells to respond to an impluse or stimulus. |
| What is Automaticity? | ability of the heart to initiate an electrical impulse. |
| What are the bundle branches? | Branches off the B.O.H that conduct impulses to the left and right ventricles. |
| What does the S.A. Node do? | It initiates the heartbeat. |
| What is contractility? | the ablitiy of the heart muscle cells to shorten in response to an electrical stimulus. |
| What is depolorization? | An electrical current that initiates the contractions of the heart muscle. |
| What does the A.V node do? | it delays the electrical conduction through the heart. |
| What are the Purkinje Fibers? | they distribute electrical impulses from cell to cell throughout the ventricles. |
| What is Repolorization? | heart muscles cells return to thier resting electircal state and heart muscle relaxes. |
| What is Conductivity? | the ability of the heart to receive and transmit an electrical impulse. |
| What is Deoxygenated Blood? | blood that has little or no oxygen. |
| What is the cardiac cycle? | a period between the beginning and of one beat of the heart to the next. |
| What is systole? | contraction phase where the heart is pumping blood out of the body. |
| What is diastole? | phase when the heart is espanding and refilling. aka "the relaxation phase" |
| What is coronary cirulation? | circulation of blood through the heart and the heart muscles . |
| What is systemic circulation? | circulation between the heart and the entire body, except for the lungs. |
| What is pulmonary circulation? | transportation of the blood to and from the lungs. |
| What type of leads are I II III? | Standard Limb Leads. |
| What type of leads are aVR, aVL, aVF? | Augmented Leads. |
| What type of leads are V1-V6? | Precordial Leads. (chest leads) |
| What does this mean: single-channel? | it records only on lead tracing at a time. |
| What does this mean: speed? | controls the speed of the paper during an ECG tracing. |
| What does this mean: input? | data that is entered into an ECG maching. |
| What does this mean: gain? | changes the size of the ECG tracing. |
| What does this mean: lead? | conductior wire attached to the ECG machine. |
| What does this mean: multichannel? | ability to record more that one lead tracing at a time. |
| What does this mean: mV? | indicates the voltage. |
| What does this mean: mm? | indicates the time on the tracing. |
| What does this mean: signal processing? | amplifies the electrical impulse and converts to machanical action. |
| What does this mean: electrode? | disposable sensors that receive the electrical activity of the heart. |
| What does this mean: output display? | displays the tracing for the electrical activity of the heart. |
| On a standard 25mm/sec paper speed what does five heavy lines or boxes mean? | 1 second |
| On a standard 25mm/sec paper speed what does on vertical heavy line or box mean? | 0.2 seconds |
| On a standard 25mm/sec paper speed what does the smallest vertical line or box mean? | 0.04 seconds |
| What color wire is the LL? | Red |
| What color wire is the RA? | White |
| What color wire is the RL? | Green |
| What color wire is the LA? | Black |
| Where would you locate the suprasternal notch? | the dip at the base of the neck just above where the clavicle attaches to the sternum. |
| Where would you locate the fifth I.C.S.? | the space between the fifth and sixth ribs. |
| Where would you locate the manubrium? | the top of the sternum. |
| Where would you locate the right clavicle? | extends from the sternum t the scapula. |
| where would you place V1? | 4th i.c.s. , right sternal border. |
| where would you place V2? | 4th i.c.s., left sternal border. |
| where would you place V3? | halfway between V2 and V4. |
| where would you place V4? | 5th i.c.s. at the midclavicular line |
| where would you place V5? | 5th i.c.s. at the anterior axillary line. |
| where would you place V6? | 5th i.c.s at midaxillary line. |
| Where is the Midclavicular line located? | Usually passed throught the nipple line. |
| Where is the Midaxillary line located? | Middle of the axilla. |
| Where is the Anterior Axillary line located? | Front of the axilla. |
| What is atrial kick? | bloood ejected into ventricles prior to ventricular systole. |
| what is apnea? | absence of breathing. |
| what is neurlogical? | pertaining to the nervouse system. |
| What is atrial kick? | bloood ejected into ventricles prior to ventricular systole. |
| what is apnea? | absence of breathing. |
| what is neurlogical? | pertaining to the nervouse system. |
| what is ischemia? | lack of oxygen to heart muscle. cells |
| what is vagal tone? | imoulses on the vagal nerve cause inhibitory effect on the heart. |
| what is syncope? | patient loses consciousness. aka, fainting |
| what is inhibited? | electical current in stopped from being send to the myocardium. |
| what is palpitations? | hearrtbeat sensation felt by the patient. |
| what is supraventricular? | an ectopic focus originating above the ventricles. |
| what is the J point? | point on the QRS complex at which depolarization is complete. |
| what is pacemaker competition? | patients own heart and the electronic pacemaker compete over electrical control of the heart. |
| what is pacemaker (electronic)? | device that delivers electrical energy to cause depolorization (contractions) |
| what is loss of capture? | pacing activit occures but is not captured by the myocardium. |
| what is malsensing? | pacemaker fails to send electrical impules to the heart. |
| what is oversensing? | electrical current from muscle movements or other activities are sensed by the pacemaker. |
| what is triggered? | heart muscle responds to electrical stimulation and depolorizes (contracts). |
| what is capture? | electrical current casues the mycocardial tissue to depolorioze (contract). |
| what is thallium stress test? | exercise electrocardiography that is invasive becasue of injections of a radiopaque substance to view the vessels around the heart. |
| what is myocardium? | middle layer of the heart composed of muscle tissue. |
| what is hypertension? | high blood pressure. |
| what is a beta blocker? | medication used to treat hypertension. |
| what is angiogram? | xrays taken of the blood vessels after injections of a radiopaque substace. |
| what is angina? | pain around the heart caused by lack of oxygen to the heart. |
| what is dysrhythmia? | loss of normal rythm of the heart beat. |
| what is cardiologist? | a physician who specialized in the study of the heart. |
| what is congestive heart failure? | failure of the heart to pump an adequate amount of blood to the tissue. |
| what is coronary vasular disease? | accumulation of plaque and fatty deposits in the coronary arteries. |
| what is an echocardiogram? | noninvasive diagnostic test that uses ultrasounds to study the heart and blood vessels. |
| what is a false positive? | when a diagnostic test indicates that a disease is present and in reality is not. |
| what is THR? (target heart rate) | calculated by subtracting your age from 220 |
| what is Holter?> | ambulatory monitoring. |
| what is palitation? | fast, irregular heartbeat sensation felt by the patient. |
| what is a stress ECG? | exercise electrocardiography.. |
| what is a oscilloscope? | monitor or TV-type device used to view the ECG. |
| what does ambulate mean? | to walk. |
| what is anti- arrythmic? | medications given to prevent arrhythmias. |
| True or false: Cardio is the root word for graph. | False |
| True or False: Approximately 2500 Americans die every day because of CVD. | True |
| True or False: Inaccurate tracings are hard to read but don't mean anything to the patient. | False |
| True or False: A galvanometer is an instrument used to detect electrocardiograph waves. | True |
| True or False: A (MI) myocardial infarction is also known as an angina attack. | False |
| An ECG machine can be as small as which of the following? A patient's chest wristband A Holter Monitor A wristwatch | wristwatch |
| What is the primary role of the ECG monitor technician? | View the ECG tracings for abnormal rhythms and alert for treatment |
| Who records the ECG and prepares the report for the physician? | ECG Technician |
| ECG monitor technicians view and evaluate the electrical tracing of the patients' heart on which of the following? | Oscilloscope |
| Which of the following professionals require more extensive training? | Cardiovascular technologist |
| true or false: Two-thirds of the heart lies to the right of the right lung. | false |
| True or false: The heart beats an average of 82 beats per minute. | False |
| True or false: The inner layer of the heart is called the visceral layer. | True |
| True or false: The purpose of the pericardium is to protect the heart from backflow and coronary artery disease. | False |
| Which of the following is considered the innermost layer of the heart? | Endocardium |
| How did Atrioventricular valves get thier name? | because they divide the pulmonary artery and the aorta |
| The major blood vessels that transport blood to and from the heart are which of the following? | Aorta, pulmonary veins, pulmonary artery, and vena cava |
| True or false: The pulse produced by the heart's conduction system is measured with the ECG machine. | False |
| True or false: A 12-lead ECG is actually recorded using only 12 lead wires. | False |
| True or false: Electrodes are small sensors placed on the skin to receive the electrical activity for the heart. | True |
| True or false: If no current is flowing between the positive and negative electrodes, the waveform will be flat; also considered isoelectric. | True |
| True or false: Augmented leads are also known as bipolar leads. | False |
| True or false: Which of the following leads records the electrical activity from the midpoint between the right arm and left leg to the left arm? Lead aVF * Lead aVL * Lead aVR * Lead V6 * | Lead aVL |
| Which area is recorded when using lead aVF? | Midpoint between the RIGHT ARM and LEFT ARM to the LEFT LEG |
| What best describes the very low voltage with augmented leads? | The ECG waveform will be very small so the machine must increase (augment) the size of the waveforms for these leads to be readable. |
| Precordial leads are also known as what? | Chest leads and V1-V6 |
| Which lead placements best describes, " Fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line"? | V4 |
| True or false: Clinical equipment that contains wires and cords in the same room with you and the patient will not affect the ECG tracing. | False |
| True or false: An ECG can only be performed with a physician's order to do so. | An ECG can only be performed with a physician's order to do so. |
| True or false: Cardiac medications won't alter the ECG reading so there is no need to assess the patient's medications prior to an ECG. | False |
| True or false: ECGs are frequently ordered through computerized systems. | True |
| True or false: To ensure you are performing the ECG on the correct patient, OSHA states every patient must be identified by two forms of identification. | False |
| What should be done before you perform the ECG? | Identify yourself, Identify the patient, Ask if the patient has ever had this procedure before and explain the procedure |
| What are some reasons for a patient to refuse an ECG? | Fear or concern about the procedure, The wires from the machine may shock the patient, Patients are fearful or feel they lack privacy |
| What best describes the ICS? | The space between two ribs |
| What should be done when moving electrodes to a different location due to an amputation or bandages? | Document this on the 12-lead ECG recording |
| When using a manual ECG machine, you will make sure the equipment is standardized and set to which of the following leads? | Lead I |
| True or false: Evaluating ECG waveforms is not a necessary skill for medical assistants to possess. | False |
| True or false: A multiskilled health care employee may be required to determine if an ECG is normal or abnormal. | True |
| True or false: It is not necessary to follow your scope of practice when evaluating dysrhythmias. | False |
| True or false: All abnormal ECG tracings are either dysrhythmias or arrhythmias. | False |
| True or False : Lead III is the most important common monitoring lead. | False |
| What is the five-step process for ECG analysis? | Rhythm, Rate, P wave configuration, PR interval, QRS duration/configuration |
| Determining the rhythm involves evaluating which patterns? | How the ventricles and atria contract |
| What instrument is used to measure an ECG tracing? | Calipers |
| True or False: The atrial rate is determined by the R-R wave interval measurement. | False |
| True or False: Each small box is equal to 0.04 seconds | True |
| True or False: Exercise electrocardiograph is more commonly known as a treadmill stress test. | True |
| True or False: After each exercise stage only a 12-lead ECG is obtained. | False |
| True or False: Exercise electrocardiography is used to evaluate how the blood is pumped into the heart. | False |
| True or False: A cardiologist is a specialist who evaluates cardio exercise. | False |
| True or False: An informed consent is required for exercise electrocardiography. | True |
| What should the patient stop doing 3 hours prior to the stress test? | The patient should not smoke or drink alcohol or caffeine 3 hours prior to the test |
| What will ensure safety during the test? | A physician and emergency equipment must always be present and The patient should be monitored at all times and report abnormal symptoms |
| What types of equipment or supplies you will need to assemble prior to the patient's arrival? | C plus alcohol solution, shaving equipment, and blood pressure equipment |
| What is the best protocol to use for sicker patients? | Naughton Protocol |
Created by:
AmandaLee9790