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Muench - Chemistry
Muench Sci Vocab: Matter
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| atom | Smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element |
| molecule | the particle of a kind of compound (ex.: H2O) |
| element | Substance with a single kind of atom; ex. O2 (oxygen) |
| property | Describes a substance or object |
| closed system | Nothing gets in or out -- like a closed box or balanced equation. |
| conservation of matter | Stuff doesn't go away, and it doesn't come from nowhere. |
| physical change | A change in some description (property) for a substance, but it remains the same substance |
| density | The amount of matter in a given volume: D=m/v |
| temperature | A measurement of the average thermal energy (commonly called "heat") in a substance |
| mixture | Two or more substances combined (Do not confuse with compound.) |
| compound | A particle (molecule or ionic) made of two or more elements (Do not confuse with mixture.) |
| volume | Measures how much space the object takes up, given in cubic units or liters |
| chemical change | When a substance becomes new substance(s) with new properties |
| matter | Anything that has volume and mass |
| characteristic property | Description for a substance that could identify the substance, no matter how much you had |
| substance | Matter of all one kind of particle, and with specific properties |
| mass | A measurement of the amount of matter in an item; does not change with gravity |
| weight | A measure of the force of gravity on an item; do not confuse with mass |
| heat | a transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to cooler one (and ALWAYS in that direction) |
| solid | particles close together, vibrating in place; may be formed from molecules or crystals |
| liquid | particles close together like solid but can change relative position |
| gas | particles widely spaced and moving freely |
| endothermic | reaction in which products store energy in chemical bonds from surroundings, having more stored energy than the reactants; detected as decrease in temperature |
| exothermic | reaction in which products release energy from chemical bonds to surroundings, having less stored energy than the reactants; detected as increase in temperature |
| reactants | the starting substances in a chemical change |
| products (chemical change) | the resulting substances from a chemical change |
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kmuench
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