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Chapter 4

Chemistry 4 Vocab

QuestionAnswer
Beta Particle High-energy, high-speed electrons or positrons emitted by certain types of radioactive nuclei.
Gamma Radiation Electromagnetic radiation of high frequency (very short wavelength).
Natural Transmutation The conversion of one chemical element or isotope into another. This occurs either through nuclear reactions (which an outside particle reacts with a nucleus), or through radioactive decay (where no outside particle is needed).
Artificial Transmutation Transmutation artificially created by scientists via particle accelerators or other machinery.
Fission A nuclear reaction in which the nucleus of an atom splits into smaller parts, it often produces high powered radiation
Nuclear Chemistry The subfield of chemistry dealing with radioactivity, nuclear processes and nuclear properties.
Alpha particle Consist of two protons and two neutrons bound together into a particle identical to a helium nucleus, which is produced in the process of alpha decay.
Radioactive Decay The process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting ionizing particles (ionizing radiation).
Fusion A reaction in which two atoms or particles are collided together and form a bigger particle, produces high amounts of energy.
Half-life The period of time it takes for a substance undergoing decay to decrease by half.
Created by: mquade
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