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In what season do the greatest number of crimes reported occur?
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Those who are unable to obtain desired goods and services through convential may resort to what response?
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CJ Final Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In what season do the greatest number of crimes reported occur? | summer |
| Those who are unable to obtain desired goods and services through convential may resort to what response? | Instrumental Crime |
| Which justice prespective are concerned with citizens who get sigmas such as "rapist" and believe that agencies should limit their involvement with criminal defendants? | Nonintervention |
| James Q Wilson's argument is characteristic of which justice perspective? | Rehabilitation |
| Offenders at level ____ of the "wedding cake" model of criminal justice have typically commited a serious offense and will recieve a prision term, however will not garner much media attention? | II=2 |
| What are statements used to explain gender differences in crime rate? | Males are stronger, hormones make men more aggresive and girls are socialized to be less aggressive. |
| Which data source relies on a multi-stage sample of housing units to collect information about citizen's encounters with criminals? | National Crime Victimization Survey |
| What historically has been the most widely cited source of criminal statistics? | Uniform Crime Reports |
| Criminal law is structured to reflect the preferences of those who hold social power, according to which view on crime? | The Interactionist View |
| Which of the following is an index crime? Kidnapping, Simple Assualt, Motor Vehicle theft, or forgery? | Motor Vehicle theft is an index crime. |
| Which of the following justice perspective sees the justice system as a tool for treating people who cannot manage themselves and assumes people are at the mercy of social, economic, and interpersonal conditions? | Rehabilitation |
| What are examples of crimes that are on the list of Part 1 index crimes on the Uniform Crime Report? | Criminal homicide, Motor vehicle theft, and arson are on the part 1 index crimes on the Uniform Crime Report. |
| Which perspective holds that the proper role of the justice system is to prevent crime through criminal sanctions and demands an effcient system that gives tough sanctions to those who violate law? | Crime Control Prespective |
| If you believe that procedural fairness, civil rights, and the rule of law are principles that cannot be violated what justice perspective do you favor? | Due Process |
| When was the term Criminal Justice first used? | The term Criminal Justice was used after the findings of the American Bar Foundation Project. |
| What redesigned variation on the Uniform Crime Reports that focuses on a expanded list of 46 crimes, including emerging issues such as hate or bias crimes? | National Incident-Based Reporting System |
| Which type of study provides the best measure of unreported crimes? | Self-Report Studies |
| What perspective is concerned about the possibilty of racial biast and have drawn attention to racial profiling? | due process |
| Which of the following perspectives holds that the greatest concern of the justice system should be providing fair and equitable treatment of those accused of commiting a crime? | rehabilitation |
| Which of the following perspectives holds that the greatest concern of the justice system should be providing fair and equitable treatment of those accused of commiting a crime? | due process |
| What type of crime would be placed on the type layer (layer 1) of the wedding cake model? | A noted celebrity is arrested for shooting her bodyguard. |
| What are some problems associated with the National Crime Victimazation Survey? | Over reporting because of victim's misrepresentation of events, underreporting stemming from the embarrassment of reporting crimes, and sampling errors which produce a group of respondents who do not repersent the nation as a whole. |
| Criminal Justice can be viewed as a process that takes an offender through a series of decision points, beginning with arrest and concluding with reentry. What factor do critics argue may affect this process? | Offenders Race |
| What branch of government is responsible for the day-to-day operation of justice agencies? | The executive branch is responsible for the day to day operation of justice agencies. |
| What are the three main componenets into which the contemporary criminal justice system is generally divided? | The three components that the CJ system is divided into is Law Enforcement, the Courts, and the Correctional System. |
| Violent Crime in the United States has increased significantly in the last few years. True or False? | Violent Crime has not increased significantly in the United States in the last few years. So the Statement is False. |
| Less serious felonies make up the bottom layer of the criminal justice system wedding cake. True or False? | False, less serious felonies DO NOT make up the bottom layer of the criminal justice system wedding cake. |
| Federal Law requires each state to report hate crime statistics. True or False? | False, Federal law does not require each state to report hate crime statistics. |
| During the past decade the crime control and justice perspectives have dominated in criminal justice. True or False? | True! Crime Control and Justice perspectives have dominated in Criminal Justice |
| The Courtroom Work Group is made up of the prosecutor, defense attorney and a defendant. True or False? | False |
| In most cases, there is cooperation between the prosectution and defense when figuring how to best deal with a case. True or False? | True, most of the time there is cooperation between the prosecution and the defense when figuring how to best deal with a case. |
| Under Michigan law a man cannot be charged with raping a woman to whom he is married to. True or False? | False |
| The contemporary criminal justice system may be viewed as a instrument of social control. True or False? | True. |
| The term "blue curtain" describes | The secrecy and insulation from other in society that is a consequence of the police subculture. |
| In what situation would a police officer exercise the greatest amount of discreation? | Traffic Stop |
| The hiring and promotion systems currently used by most police departments prohibits the: | Transferring of experienced officers to other departments. |
| Sources of external police stress include: | Violent encounters, witnessing death, dealing with the risk of serious injury. |
| What are requirements for search warrants listed on the fourth amendment of the consitution? | Particularity, reasonableness, and probable cause. |
| What is Michigan's state-mandated minimum age and education requirments for someone to become a certified police officer? | 21 years ld and a high school diploma or GED |
| Which consitutional amendment protects individuals from unreasonable searches and sezuires and requires warrants to be based upon probable cause? | Fourth Amendment |
| The inconvience and physical strains that come from rotating shift work are both examples of what type of stress? | External Stressors |
| Which American City established the first formal police department? | Boston |
| What are exceptions to the search warrant rule? | Emergency, Reasonable Suspcision, and hot pursuit. |
| What is the major legal issue in most consent searches? | Weather the police can prove that the consent was given voluntarily. |
| Community Oriented policing links police effectiveness to: | Productive interaction with the community being served |
| What has the US Supreme Court held with respect to the expectation of privacy within a house's curtialge (surronding grounds)? | A warrant is not necessary to order to surveil items within curtilage. |
| The _____________ to the exclusionary rule allows evidance that is illegally seized to be used in trial if can be shown to a very high degree the probabilty that the evidance would have been obtained during the course of the investigation anyway. | Inevitable Discovery Rule |
| What is the lowest level of offcer force listed on the Michigan Commision on Law inforcement standards use of force continuium? | Officer Presence/verbal directions |
| What does research indicate is the most important determinant of police response in police use-of-force incidents? | the suspects behavior |
| What are exceptions to the exclusionary rule? | Inevitable discovery exception, independant source exception, and good faith exception. |
| What is the term used to describe the unintended consequences of police officer presence that results in criminals moving to a less patrolled area? | Displacement |
| What state established the first police department? | Pennsylvania |
| Most police agree that the majority of police patrol efforts are devoted to: | Order maintenance |
| What US supreme court case deamed the use of deadly force against an unarmed and non-dangerous fleeing felon an illegal sezuire under the fourth amendment? | Tennessee V Garner |
| Most arrests are made without a warrant. True or False? | True |
| According to the social learning theory, people become violent because they: | . |
| What is the name for the legal defense of law enforcement agents using decoys and deception to induce criminal action? | . |
| The "encouragement" of criminal activity is sometimes referred to as: | . |
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