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Kines Test 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name Three Bones in the Shoulder Complex | Clavicle, Scapula, Humerous |
| Name 4 joints in shoulder complex | Glenohumeral Joint Sternoclavicular Joint Acromioclavicular Joint Scapulothoracic Joint |
| Where are the Glenohumeral Joint/ | Between the humerus and the shoulder girdle |
| Where is the sternoclavicular Joint? | Clavicle to Sternum (bone to bone) |
| Where is the Acromioclavicular Joint? | Clavicle to Scapula |
| Where is the scapulothoracic Joint? | Scapula and Ribs |
| Why does the clavicle break so often | Because both joints at the ends of the clavicle are bone to bone, when pressure is put on the clavicle from a fall there is no give |
| What is the major function of the four joints at the shoulder | Placement of hand Placement of UE |
| The shoulder complex has the Greatest _____ of any other joint | ROM |
| The shoulder complex has a lot of ROM but less _______ | stability |
| What is the ratio for the scapulohumural rhythm | 2 (humerous) :1 (scapula) 2:1 |
| What is scapulohumeral rhythm? | The humerus and the scapula working together in a 2:1 ratio to achieve complete flexion and abduction in the shoulder |
| What is the range of motion that the shoulder has WITHOUT the scapula moving? | 0-30 degree |
| Describe the inch worm effect | During abduction, the deltiod muscle quickly reaches its shortest length and cannot contract more. As the scapula moves, it also moves the orign of the deltoid away from the insertion, lengthening the muscle and allowing for further contraction |
| How are inch worm and scapulohumeral rhythm related? | The rhythm allows for the origin to move away from the insertion allowing for inch worm |
| What can cause the winging effect? | a weak serratus anterior |
| Which of the rotator cuff muscles is the most injured? | Supraspinatous |
| What degree of flexion in the shoulder does the most injuries occur at? | 90 |
| List 4 risk factors for Rotator Cuff Muscles injuries | Degenerate spurring of acromion process Inflammation of bursa Thickening of rotator cuff tendon tears in the cuff |
| List 2 FUNCTIONAL risk factors for Rotator Cuff injuries | -abnormal scapula and glenohumeral positioning due to kyphosis -depression of humerus head in fossa- this can be due to cuff weakness, tears, or tightness in posterior capsule |
| What are two fixes for rotator cuff injuries? | Surgery Limit movement or limit movement to 90 degree |
| What is the function of the Scapular Pivoters | - Causes Scapula to move and pivot - Holds Scapula to ribs - for functional movement of shoulder |
| Scapular Pivoters | Tapezius, Serratus Anterior, Levator Scapulae, Rhomboids and Pec Minor |
| What do Humeral Positioners | -holds humerus in place after movement |
| Humeral Positioners | All Deltoids |
| what do the Humeral Propellers do? | Primary Movers of the humerous |
| Humeral Propellers | latissimus Dorsi Pectoralis Major Teres Major |
| What is the job of the Shoulder Protectors also known as the rotator cuff | Helps keep the head in the glenoid fossa during movement |
| Where are most of the nerve roots for the shoulder comples? | C3-C6 |
| What nerves play a lesser in the shoulder complex | C7, C8 and T1 |
| When we talk about scapular muscles, where are the origin? | trunk |
| Where do the scauplar muscles insert? | Scapula |
| Where are the humerus muscle orgin | Trunk, scapula |
| Where do the humerous muscles insert | humerus |
| What do shoulder tendons and ligaments provide? | Stabilization and Strength |
| What part of the shoulder's anatomy counteracts dislocation? | tendons and ligaments |
| What does the acromiaclavicular ligament do? | holds bones together |
| What does the corclaicular ligament do? | holds head in anteriorly |
| What does the coracoacromial ligament do? | holds head in posteriorly |
| What is another name for Primary Adhesive Capulatis? | Frozen shoulder syndrome |
| What age and sex is most effected by Frozen Shoulder Syndrome | Perimenopausal (women over 40) |
| Name the three stages of Primary Adhesive Capulitis | Painful Stage Stiffening Stage (Freezing) Thawing Stage |
| Name 3 characteristics of the Painful Stage? | Chronic Pain Loss ROM usually problems/pain occurs or worsens at night |
| Name 3 characteristics of the Stiffening Stage | Less Pain Lose more ROM reduction of ADLS of this arm |
| What happens in the thawing stage? | start to regain ROM |
| What is effected by Primary Adhesive Capulitis | thickening of ligaments |
| What are the treatment options for Primary Adhesive Capulitis? | Active Assistive ROM as ROM improves strengthening can be incorporated |
| Define hemiplagia | paralysis of one side of the body after the CVA |
| Define Sublexiation | Where the head of the humerous pulls out of the glenohumeral joint causing a divet between the head and the acromion process |
| What can cause sublexiation? | weak protectors and positioner weakness |
| How is sublexiation measured? | 1 finger, 2 fingers or 3 fingers |
| What can you do to fix sublexiation | Slings (that reposition) Lap trays for holding arms ROM while you hold humerous back into glenoid fossa |
| What is another name for ERBS palsy | upper Obstertic Plexus Palsy |
| What happens during Erbs palsy? | Happens at birth, the baby gets caught on the pelvis and it stretches the brachial plexus |
| What are the effects of Erbs palsy? | Can cause weakness of paralysis of the arm, and effects nerve room C5-C7 |
| What is a typical position for the arm of an infant with ERBS palsy? | Internally rotated, adducted and pronated |
| What are non-surgical ways to fix ERBS palsy? | Splinting of effected arm ROM exercises Stimulating arm (sensation) |
| How do most people regain use of the UE after an injury? promixal or Distal | Proximal to Distal |
| What is the most common cause of pain in the shoulder for adults? | Rotator Cuff Tendanitis |
| What is the rotator cuff? | tendon connecting 4 muscles which cover the head of the humerus |
| What is impingement? | because of a lax cuff, soft tissue gets pinched when movement happens |
| What are the signs of rotator cuff tendonitis? | pain after activity pain at night catching sensation in shoulder during overhead activity |
| Rotator Cuff Tendonitis is a ________ motion injury? | repetitive |
| Name the four movements of the elbow | Flexion and Extention Pronation and Supination |
| What is the carrying angle of the elbow? | If the arm is in full extension, it is the angle created the humerous and the forearm bones |
| What bones moves during supination and pronation | Radius moves AROUND the ulna |
| Who has a larger carrying angle men or women? | Women by 10-15 degrees |
| The structure of the elbow lends itself to increased ______ and decreased _____ | Increased stability decreased mobility |
| Name the three flexors of the elbow | Biceps Brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis |
| What position does the arm need to be in for the biceps to have the strongest flexion | Supination |
| What is the corkscrew effect? | The insertion of the biceps brachii wraps around your radius |
| What does the medial collateral ligament of the elbow do? | provides medial stablity |
| What does the lateral collateral ligament of the elbow do? | provides lateral stability |
| What does the annular ligament do? | holds the head of the radius against the ulna |
| What is another name for Ulnar Nerve Entrapment? | Cubital Tunnel Syndrome |
| What causes Ulnar Nerve Entrapment | medial pressure on the ulnar nerve can be caused by extreme flexion and repetitive motion |
| What are signs of Ulnar Nerve Entrapment? | Loss of grip Loss of Coordination Muscle Atrophy Tingling and numbness in ring and pinky (may worsen at night) |
| What is Distal Bicepts Tendon Rupture? | The distal portion attaches at radial tuberocity and tears or ruptures |
| What precautions are someone who has undergone repair of the distal biceps tendon rupture? | Limit functional activites for 3-6 mo |
| Why does it take so long for the biceps head to reattach? | lack of blood flow to this area and it has to reattach to bone |
| What are signs and symptoms of Distal Biceps Tendon Rupture | -pop noise at injury -pain for -12 weeks -swelling and bruising of elbow and forearm -weakness in flexion and supination -bulging in upper arm where biceps have recoiled |
| What is another name for Lateral Epicondylitis? | Tennis Elbow |
| Where is the pain in tennis elbow and what causes it | inflammation and pain of lateral epicondyle From overuse |
| What are symptoms of lateral epicondylitis | pinpoint pain on lateral epicondyle pain worsens overtime |
| Tears in the ERCB tendon where it attaches to the lateral epicondyle causes? | Tennis elbow |
| How do can you treat tennis elbow? | rest!! You can also use bands around the forearm- these change the line of pull for the tendon so soreness is eased |
| What is the work horse of the elbow? | brachialis |
| What is the primary flexor of the elbow? | bracialis because hand position doesn't matter |
| What is the job of the anaconeus? | keeps the annular ligament out of the way during extension |
| When you test supination what position should the elbow be in? | Flexion |
| What are the two pronator muscles | Pronator Quadratus Pronator Teres |
Created by:
Niccole2