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History Test #3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Treaty granting the United States control over a canal zone 10 miles wide across the Isthmus of Panama. In return, the United States guaranteed the independence of Panama and agreed to pay Colombia a onetime fee of $10 million and an annual rental of $250 | Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty |
| foreign policy statement, a corollary to the Monroe Doctrine, asserting that the United States would intervene in Latin American affairs if the countries themselves could not keep their affairs in order. It effectively made the United States the policeman | Roosevelt Corollary- |
| Policy that sought to promote U.S. financial and business interests abroad and to replace military alliances with economic ties, with the idea of increasing American influence and securing lasting peace.` | Dollar Diplomacy |
| Policy that rejected the approach of dollar diplomacy. Rather than focusing mainly on economic ties with other nations, Wilsons policy was designed to bring right principles to the world, preserve peace, and extend to other peoples the blessings of democr | Moral Diplomacy |
| law that provided for the registration of all American men between the ages of 21 and 30 for a military draft. The age limits were later changed to 18 and 45. | Selective Service Act |
| this organization rallied support for American involvement in World War I through art, advertising, and film. | Committee on Public Information (CPI) |
| sentences of up to 20 years on anyone found guilty of aiding the enemy, obstructing recruitment of soldiers, or encouraging disloyalty. It allowed the postmaster general to remove from the mail any materials that incited treason or insurrection. | Espionage Act |
| Law that imposed harsh penalties on anyone using “disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive language” about the U.S. government, flag, or armed forces. | Sedition Act |
| Government agency that determined priorities, allocated raw materials, and fixed prices; it told manufacturers what they could and could not produce. | War Industries Board (WIB |
| agency that encouraged Americans to save food in order to supply the armies overseas. It fixed prices to boost production, asked people to observe meatless and wheatless days to conserve food, and promoted the planting of “victory gardens” behind homes, s | Food Administration |
| Wilson called for, among other things, removal barriers to trade, open peace accords, reduction of armaments, and the establishment of a League of Nations. Largely rejected by European nations. | Fourteen Points |
| African American cultural, literary, and artistic movement centered in Harlem, an area in New York City, in the 1920s. Harlem, the largest black community in the world outside Africa, was considered the cultural capital of African Americans. | Harlem Renaissance |
| The ban of the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages in the United States. The 18th Amendment, ratified in 1919, established prohibition. It was repealed by the 21st Amendment in 1933. | Prohibition |
| established a quota system to regulate the influx of immigrants to America. The system restricted the “new” immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and Asia. It reduced the annual total of immigrants. | National Origins Quota Act- |
| Also called the “monkey trial,” 1925, it was a contest between modern liberalism and religious fundamentalism. John was on trial for teaching Darwinian evolution in defiance of a Tennessee state law. He was found guilty and fined $100. | Scopes Trial |
| Scandal in which Secretary of the Interior Albert Fall was convicted of accepting bribes in exchange for leasing government-owned oil lands in Wyoming and California to private oil businessman. | Teapot Dome Scandal |
| Program of legislation to combat the Great Depression. Included measures aimed at relief, reform, and recovery. They achieved some relief and considerable reform but little recovery. | New Deal |
| a group of unemployed World War I veterans marched on Washington, D.C., to demand immediate payment of their war pensions. Congress rejected their demands and President Hoover had they forcibly removed from their encampment. | Bonus Army |
| this agency built dams and power plants on the Tennessee River. Its programs for flood control, soil conservation, and restoration helped raise the standards of living of millions in the Tennessee River Valley, | Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) |
| New Deal federal agency created in 1933 to promote economic recovery and revive industry during the Great Depression. | National Recovery Administration (NRA) |
| this agency attempted to restrict agricultural production by paying framers subsidies to take land out of production. | Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) |
| created by Congress to provide government jobs to young men between 18 and 25 in reforestation and other conservation projects. | Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC |
| Agency that provides work relief for the unemployed. Federal works projects included building roads, bridges, and schools,it also funded projects for artists, writers, and young people. | Works Progress Administration (WPA) |
| New Deal legislation that established a system of old age, unemployment, and survivors’ insurance funded by wage and payroll taxes. It did not include health insurance and did not originally cover many of the most needy groups and individuals. | Social Security Act |
| Formally known as the National Labor Relations Act, the New Deal legislation enacted in 1935 created the National Labor relations Board to supervise union elections and designate winning unions as official bargaining agents. The board could also issue cea | Wagner Act |
| Concerned that the conservative Supreme Court might declare all his New Deal programs unconstitutional, President Roosevelt asked Congress to allow him to appoint additional justices to the Court. Both Congress and the public rejected this. | “Court-packing” scheme |
| Also called the Pact of Paris, this agreement pledged its signatories, eventually including nearly all nations, to shun war as an instrument of policy. Derided as an “international kiss,” it had little effect on the actual conduct of world affairs. | Kellogg-Briand Pact |
| New approach to Western hemispheric relations with a policy declaring Americas intention to use cooperation and friendship in place if threats and armed intervention in its dealing with Latin America. | Good Neighbor Policy |
| During the World War II, the alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan were known as the Berlin-Rome-Tokyo axis, and the three members were called the | Axis Powers |
| Reacting to their disillusionment with World War I and absorbed in the domestic crisis of the Great Depression, these 1935 and 1936 acts forbade selling munitions or lending money to belligerens in a war. Required all trade be on a cash-and-carry basis. | Neutrality Acts |
| Plan approved by Congress in 1941 that allowed the United States to sell, lend, lease, or transfer war materials to any country whose defense the president declared as vital to that of the United States. | Lend-Lease |
| Japanese warplanes attacked U.S. naval forces, sinking several ships and killing more than 2400 American sailors. The event marked America’s entrance into World War II. | Pearl Harbor |
| The day allied troops crossed the English Channel and opened a second front in Western Europe, June 6, 1944. | D-Day |
| Russian city that hosted this wartime conference of the Allies in February 1945, the Allies agreed to final plans for the defeat of Germany and the terms of its occupation. The Soviets agreed to allow free elections in Poland, elections were never held. | Yalta Conference |
| Roosevelt, alarmed that German scientists working on an atomic bomb, authorized a program to build the bomb first. Named for the corps of Engineers district originally in charge, spent $2 million and produced weapons that devastated Hiroshima and Nagasaki | Manhattan Project |
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despin5