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JECA Chemistry Ch 16
JECA Chemistry Chapter 16 Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| molecular orbital with an enery that is higher than that of the atomic orbitals from which it is formed | Antibonding orbital |
| the amount of energy required to break a covalent bond between atoms; this value is usually expressed in kJ per mol of substance | Bond dissociation energy |
| molecular orbital whose energy is lower than that of the atomic orbitals from which it is formed | Bonding orbital |
| a covalent bond formed when one atom contributes both bonding electrons | Coordinate covalent bond |
| a substance that is weakly repelled by a magnetic field | Diamagnetic |
| a molecule that has two elecrically charged regions or poles | Dipole |
| a weak intermolecular force resulting from the attraction of oppositely charged regions of polar molecules | Dipole interaction |
| the weakest kind of intermolecular attraction; this attraction is thought to be caused by the motion of electrons | Dispersion force |
| a covalent bond is which two pairs of electrons are shared by two atoms | Double covalent bond |
| process in which several atomic orbitals mix to form the same number of equivalent hybrid orbitals | Hybridization |
| relatively strong intermolecular force in which a hydrogen atom that is covalently bonded to a very electronegative atom is also weakly bonded to an unshared electron pair of another electronegative atom in the same molecule or one nearby | Hydrogen bond |
| an orbit resulting from the overlapping of atomic orbitals when two atoms combine | Molecular orbit |
| substance in which all of the atomes are covalently bonded to eachother | Network solid |
| bond formed when the atoms in a molecule are alike and the bonding electrons are shared equally | Nonpolar covalent bond |
| a term used to describe a substance that shows a relatively strong attraction to an external magnetic field; these substances have molecules containing one of more unpaired electrons | Paramagnetic |
| a bond in which the bonding electrons are most likely to be found in the sausage-shaped regions above and below the nuclei of the bonded atoms | Pi bond |
| a bond formed when two diffrent atoms are joined by a covalent bond and the bonding elecrons are shared unequally | Polar bond |
| a bond formed when two diffrent atoms are joined by a covalent bond and the bonding elecrons are shared unequally | Polar covalent bond |
| a molecule,like water, in which one or more atoms is slightly negative and one or more is slightly positive, unless molecular geometry causes the polarities to cancel each other out | Polar molecule |
| one of two or more equally valid electron dot structures for a molecule or polyatomic ion; the actual bonding is a hybrid, or mixture of the resonance structures | Resonance structure |
| a bond formed when two atomic orbitals combine to form a molecular orbital that is symmertrical along the axis connecting the two atomic nuclei | Sigma bond |
| a bond formed when a pair of electrons is shared between two atoms | Single covalent bond |
| chemical formula that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule or a polyatomic ion; each dash between two atoms indicates a pair of shared electrons | Structural formula |
| a bond angle of 109.5 degrees created when a central atom forms four bonds directed toward the corners of a regular tetrahedron | Tetrahedral angle |
| covalent bond in which three pairs of electrons are shared by two atoms | Triple covalent bond |
| a pair of valence electrons that is not involved in bonding | Unshared pair |
| a term used to describe the weakest intermolecular attractions; these include dispersion forces and dipole interactions | Van der Waals force |
| valence-shell electron-pair repulsion theory: because electron pairs repel, molecules adjust thier shapes so that valence-electron pairs are as far apart as possible | VSEPR theory |
Created by:
hcatalino
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