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Astronomy PHY 172
Notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List all 8 Planets | Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune |
| Name the 4 Terrestrial Planets | Mercury, Venus, Mars, and Earth |
| Name the 4 Jovian Planets | Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune |
| What is the hottest Planet? | Venus |
| What is the largest volcano in the Solar System? and which Planet does it exist on? | Olympic Mons; Mars |
| What is the largest Planet? | Jupiter |
| List 2 characteristics of Jupter | Equitorial bulge; Rings |
| What is the fastest spinning Planet? | Jupiter |
| What is the most volcanically active object in space? | Io; a moon of Jupiter |
| What is the largest moon of Jupiter? | Ganymede |
| What is the surface of Jupiter's moon, Callisto? | A sub surface ocean |
| What is the least dense Planet? | Saturn |
| What Planet has the largest equatorial bulge? | Saturn |
| Which Planet has the largest ring system? | Saturn |
| What is Saturn's largest moon? | Titan |
| Which is the only moon with an atmosphere? | Titan |
| What is Uranus's tilt? | 98 Degrees |
| What is the most dense Jovian Planet? | Neptune |
| Which law explains the positions of planets in AU? | Titius-Bode Law |
| Who found the Asteroid Belt? | Giuseppe Piazzi |
| What is the largest Asteroid? | Ceres |
| What is the distance where Asteroids do not exist? | "Kirkwood" gaps |
| What are NEO's? | Near Earth Objects |
| What is a Type 1 Comet? | Ion Tail |
| What is a Type 2 Comet? | Dust Tail |
| What is a Radiant Point? | The point in the sky from which the meteors APPEAR to be coming from |
| How far away is the Sun from the Earth? | 93 Million miles |
| What are the 3 Mechanisms of Heat Transfer? | Conduction, Convection, and Radiation |
| How does the Sun produce energy? | Nuclear Fusion |
| When does Nuclear Fusion occur? | 10 Million Kelvin |
| What causes sunspots? | Magnetic Fields |
| What is the surface temperature of the Sun? | 5500 Kelvin |
| What are the 3 basic things on the Sun's surface? | Spicules, Prominences, and Solar Flares |
| What are Spicules? | Grass-like columns |
| What are Prominences? | Hydrogen suspended by a magnetic field |
| What are Solar Flares? | Sun Quakes |
| What is star brightness measured in? | Magnitude |
| Who came up with ranking Brightness? | Hipparchus |
| Who started "apparent magnitude" and used m? | N.R. Pogson |
| What is the brightest star? | Sirius |
| What is Absolute Magnitude? | (M) is apparent magnitude at a fixed distance |
| What is Apparent Magnitude? | (m) is based on what we can see |
| What is not accounted for in Absolute Magnitude? | Distance |
| What is a Parallax? | the "movement" of stars because of Earth's rotation |
| If a star appears to move a lot... | it is closer |
| What is Luminosity? | Power emitted by a star |
| What is the Wien Displacement Law? | Color and Temperature are related |
| What is Stefan-Boltzmann Law? | Brightness and Temperature are related |
| What is the Spectral Classification? | (hottest) OBAFGKM (coolest) |
| What color are O, B, A stars? | Bluish-White |
| What color are F, G stars? | Yellowish |
| What color are K, M stars? | Orange-Redish |
| What is the Spectral Classification of the Sun? | G-2-V |
| What are the Luminosity Classes? | The stages of stars |
| What is the 5th (V) class? | The Main Sequence |
| What is the HR diagram? | Graph of Brightness vs Color of stars |
| Where do 90% of all stars lie along? | The Main Sequence |
| What are the 3 types of Star Motion? | Radial, Proper, and Wobble |
| What is Radial star motion? | Moving toward us (blue = toward) (red = away) |
| What is Proper star motion? | Across horizontally |
| What is Wobble star motion? | Wobble due to gravity |
| What is a Variable Star? | One that changes Brightness |
| What do Variable Stars serve as? | Indicators of Distance |
| What is the most common Variable Star? | Cephed |
Created by:
jmartin209
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