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CRChem1Ch4Vocab
CRChem1Ch4Vocabulary terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| continuous spectrum | emission of a continuous range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation |
| electromagnetic radiation | form of energy that behaves like a wave as it travels through space |
| electromagnetic spectrum | all forms of electromagnetic radiation |
| excited state | atom has more potential energy than at the ground state |
| frequency | number of waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time, usually 1 second |
| ground state | lowest energy state of an atom |
| line emission spectrum | series of specific wavelengths and frequencies of light created when the visible portion of light from excited atoms is shone through a prism |
| photoelectric effect | metal giving off electrons when a light is shone on it |
| quantum | minimum quantity of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom |
| wavelength | distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves |
| angular momentum quantum number | tells the shape of the orbital |
| Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle | it is impossible to know both the position AND velocity of an electron (or other small particle)at the same time |
| magnetic quantum number | tells the orientation of the orbital around the nucleus |
| orbital | 3D area around the nucleus where an electron is likely to be found |
| principal quantum number | tells the main energy level that an electron is in |
| quantum numbers | tell the properties of atomic orbitals and the electrons within them |
| quantum theory | mathematical description of the wave properties of electrons and other very small particles |
| spin quantum number | tells the spin of an electron in an orbital; can have two values: +1/2 or -1/2 |
| Aufbau Principle | an electron occupies the lowest energy level that can receive it |
| electron configuration | the arrangement of electrons in an atom |
| highest occupied level | the electron-containing main energy level that has the highest principal quantum number |
| Hund's Rule | orbitals of equal energy must each be occupied by one electron before any of the orbitals receive a second electron |
| inner shell electrons | electrons that are not in the highest occupied level |
| noble gases | the group 18 elements (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and Rn); have an octet of electrons |
| noble gas configuration | an outer main energy level fully occupied, in most cases, by eight electrons |
| Pauli Exclusion Principle | no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers |
| photon | particle of electromagnetic radiation that has no mass and carries a quantum of energy |
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CRMissK