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Chapter 3
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atom | the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element |
| Plum-Pudding Model | model of the atom by J. J. Thomson, who discovered the electron in 1897, was proposed in 1904 before the discovery of the atomic nucleus |
| Gold-Foil Experiment | This classic diffraction experiment was conducted in 1911 by Ernest Rutherford. |
| Orbitals | a wave function describing the state of a single electron in an atom |
| Nucleus | a fundamental arrangement of atoms, as the benzene ring, that may occur in many compounds by substitution of atoms without a change in structure. |
| Proton | a positivly charged elementary particle that is a fundamental constituent on all atomic nuclei. |
| Electron | an elementary particle that is a fundamental constituent of matter, having a negative charge |
| Neutron | an elementary particle having no charge, mass slightly greater than that of a proton |
| Mass Number | the integer nearest in value to the atomic weight of an atom and equal to the number of nucleons in the nucleus of the atom. |
| Atomic Number | the number of positive charges or protons in the nucleus of an atom of a given element, and therefore also the number of electrons normally surrounding the nucleu |
| Ion | an electrically charged atom or group of atoms formed by the loss or gain of one or more electrons |
| Isotope | any of two or more forms of a chemical element, having the same number of protons in the nucleus, or the same atomic number, but having different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus |
| Atomic Mass | the mass of an isotope of an element measured in units formerly based on the mass of one hydrogen atom taken as a unit |
| Atomic Mass | the mass of an isotope of an element measured in units formerly based on the mass of one hydrogen atom taken as a unit |
| Valence electrons | an electron of an atom, located on the outermost shell |
| Octet | any group of eight |
| Excited State | any of the energy levels of a physical system, esp. an atom, molecule, etc., that has higher energy than the lowest energy level. |
| Ionization Energy | the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom to form a cation |
| Electron Affinity | the quantitative measure, usually given in electron-volts, of the tendency of an atom or molecule to capture an electron and to form a negative ion. |
| Electronegativity | assuming negative potential when in contact with a dissimilar substance |
Created by:
wpotter30
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