arguing that a claim is true by repeating the claim in different words.

Confusing Chronology with causality

Assuming that because one thing preceded another, the former caused the latter

Assuming that there are only two sides to a quistion, and representing yours as the only correct one

Misleading or hedging with ambiguous word choices

Failing to accept the burden of proof.

Asserting a claim without without presenting a reasoned argument to support it

Asuming that because one thing resembles another, conclusuions drawn from one aslo apply to the other

Overreliance on authority

Assuming that something is true simply because an expert says so and ignoring the evidence to the contrary

Offering only weak or limited evidence to support a conclusion

Giving easy answers to complicated qestions, often by appealing ot emotions rather than logic

Demeaning the proponents of a claim instead of their argument.

Attempting the misdirect the discussion by raising an essentially unrelated point

Selecting or emphasizing evidence that supports your claim and suppressing or playing down other evidence

Pretenting that one thing inevitably leads ot another

Manipulation readers' emotions in order to lead them to draw unjustified conclusions

Directing the argument against a claim that nobody actually hyoldsor that everyone agrees is very weak

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Logical Fallcies

Question	Answer
Begging the Question	arguing that a claim is true by repeating the claim in different words.
Confusing Chronology with causality	Assuming that because one thing preceded another, the former caused the latter
Either/or reasoning	Assuming that there are only two sides to a quistion, and representing yours as the only correct one
Equivocating	Misleading or hedging with ambiguous word choices
Failing to accept the burden of proof.	Asserting a claim without without presenting a reasoned argument to support it
Flase analogy	Asuming that because one thing resembles another, conclusuions drawn from one aslo apply to the other
Overreliance on authority	Assuming that something is true simply because an expert says so and ignoring the evidence to the contrary
Hasty Generalization	Offering only weak or limited evidence to support a conclusion
Oversimplification	Giving easy answers to complicated qestions, often by appealing ot emotions rather than logic
Personal Attack	Demeaning the proponents of a claim instead of their argument.
Red Herring	Attempting the misdirect the discussion by raising an essentially unrelated point
Slanting	Selecting or emphasizing evidence that supports your claim and suppressing or playing down other evidence
Slipery Slope	Pretenting that one thing inevitably leads ot another
Sob Story	Manipulation readers' emotions in order to lead them to draw unjustified conclusions
Straw Men	Directing the argument against a claim that nobody actually hyoldsor that everyone agrees is very weak

Created by: Superdude

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