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Types of anemia:_______
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Anemia is caused by low nr of RBC, hemoglobin and inadequate _____suply to the tissue.
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Anemia Fe, B12, Tha*
Anemia Microcytic, Fe2+, chronic, B12, Thallasemia
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Types of anemia:_______ | microcytic-hypochromic, normocytic-normochromic, macrocytic, hemolytic anemias |
| Anemia is caused by low nr of RBC, hemoglobin and inadequate _____suply to the tissue. | O2 |
| leukemia, Infection, Hereditary _defect_ can also cause ______ | anemia |
| Test that represents the amount of anisocytosis | RDW |
| Measured by Cyanmethemoglobin method | hemoglobin |
| Reticulocyte count Reference range is: | 0.5-2.5__% |
| manual retic count test is retics/___rbcs counted | 1000 |
| wbc with hypersegmentation is the cause of ____ deficiency | B12,folic acid |
| Functions of iron are: | oxygen transport; catalytic enzyme reactions |
| Iron Adult content is: | 3500-4000 mg |
| 1/3 of iron is stored in marrow, spleen, liver,______, ____ | myoglobin; myeloperoxidase |
| Daily RBC turnover of old cells is ____/day | 1% |
| What structure Releses 20mg Fe daily | reticulum endoplasmatic |
| daily production of RBC in the bone marrow to replace the old cells is: | 1% |
| In plasma transferin carries _mg Fe | 4 |
| Male stores _____ Fe; Female stores ______Fe2+ | 1000; 300-500mg |
| Body recycling reclaims all iron except loss through ______ | loss through sweat, skin, fecal & urinary excretion, menstruation |
| Small intestine absorbs _ferric (Fe3+)__ iron through mucosal cells of ________ | duodenum & jejunum |
| transferrin is a ____ made in liver; converts Fe3+ to Fe2+ | beta globulin |
| Transferrin normally is___% saturated with iron | ~30% |
| Iron released in liver & bound to _____, and stord as ______ | ferritin; hemosiderin |
| Iron deficiency anemia has 3 stages: | iron depletion; Transferrin levels increased ; decreased Hgb, Hct, MCV |
| What stage of Iron deficiency anemia is capable of maintaining _homeostasis____ but cannot respond to a challenge | stage 1 |
| During what stage of Iron deficiency anemia plasma iron level falls; transferrin saturation <15% | stage 2 |
| During what stage of Iron deficiency anemia, erythropoiesis is ineffective and RDW increased, MCV, MCH, MCHC decrease | stage 3 |
| ice (pagophagia), clay (pica), dirt (geophagia), starch or pickles ARE ANEMIA'S _______cravings | Peculiar cravings |
| Recovery of Fe deficiency anemia - 1st seen on PB smear by _____ population of rbcs | _dual |
| This anemia may be due to strong _inflammatory___ component or suppressive effect | Anemia of chronic disease |
| Ex of Anemia of chronic disease: | rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, immune hemolysis, infectious mononucleosis, |
| This anemia is Inherited or acquired; due to Fe overload; treatment: vitamin B6 (pyridoxine); sex-linked | Sideroblastic anemia |
| hepatosplenomegaly is caused by _____ | Sideroblastic anemia |
| What is it???Accumulation of Fe in macrophages of tissues with no signs or symptoms. | Hemosiderosis |
| Autosomal recessive disease; iron deposits in tissues | Hemochromatosis |
| It is often a secondary effect to bleeding in an organ | Hemosiderosis |
| Lead consumption: interferes with iron storage in ____ | _mitochondria |
| Lead Poisoning tests show ______-cytic, _____-chromic anemia, neurologic dysfunctions & skin lesions, abdominal cramping | micro; hypo |
| Consumption of ________ has damaging effect on _heme_ synthesizing enzymes; Ineffective erythropoiesis | lead |
| basophilic _stippling__, decreased osmotic fragility; reticulocytosis may or may not be present; can result in ineffective _______ due to Lead Poisoning | erythropoiesis |
| Lead Poisoning Treatment is with chelating agents; ex: | EDTA |
| This disease is caused by Inherited _quantitative_ defects in synthesis of 1 or more globin chains | Thalassemia |
| beta Thalassemias= | Cooley’s anemia |
| Most beta thalassemia results from _point___ mutation of the gene, rather than a______ | deletion |
| most_____ thalassemia is a result of gene _deletion_; Chromosome _16_ contains alpha genes | alpha |
| severe _hypo_-chromic, _micro_cytic anemia is the cause of thalassemia ________; bone deformation | major |
| Treatment for thalassemia major is ______ | Blood __transfusion__; iron _chelation___; antibiotic treatment for infection |
| Thalassemia minor= | Heterozygous Beta thalassemia |
| causes Mild form of chronic hypochromic microcytic anemia; Hgb 10-14 g/dl; HgF & HgA2 mildly elevated | Thalassemia minor |
| Inherated Mutations or deletions of 2 alpha genes on each chromosome causes what disease? | Alpha Thalassemia |
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