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COM 224 Chapter 5
Vocabulary for Chapter 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| analog | in television, broadcast signals made of radio waves used before 2009. |
| digital | in television, signals that are transmitted as binary code. |
| prime time | in television programming, the hours between 8 and 11 pm (or 7 and 10pm in the Midwest), when networks have traditionally drawn their largest audiences and charged their highest advertising rates. |
| affiliate station | radio or TV station that, though independently owned, signs a contract to be part of, the a network and receives money to carry the network’s programs; in exchange the network reserves time slots, which it sells to national advertisers. |
| TV newsmagazine | a TV news program format, pioneered by CBS’s 60 Minutes in the late 1960s, that features multiple segments in an hour-long episode, usually ranging from a celebrity or political feature story to a hard-hitting investigative report. |
| kinescope | an early film projection system that served that served as a kind of peep show in which viewers looked through a hole and saw images moving on a tiny plate. |
| sketch comedy | short television comedy skits that are usually segments of TV variety shows; sometimes known as vaudeo, the marriage of vaudeville and video. |
| situation comedy | a type of comedy series that features a recurring cast and set as well as several narrative scenes; each episode established a situation, complicates it, develops increasing confusion among its characters, and then resolves the complications. |
| domestic comedy | a TV hybrid of the sitcom in which characters and settings are usually more important than complicated situations; it generally features a domestic problem or work issue that characters have to solve. |
| anthology drama | a popular form of early TV programming that brought live dramatic theater to television; influenced by stage plays, anthologies offered new teleplays, casts, directors, writers, and sets from week to week. |
| episodic series | main characters appear every week, sets and locales remain the same, and technical crews stay with the program; episodic series feature new adventures each week, but a handful of characters emerge with whom viewers can regularly identify. |
| chapter show | in television production, any situation comedy or dramatic program whose narrative structure includes self-contained stories that feature a problem, a series of conflicts, and a resolution from week to week. |
| serial program | a radio or TV program, such as a soap opera, that features continuing story lines from day to day or week to week. |
| stripped [syndicated rerun] | in TV syndication, the showing of programs – either older network reruns or programs made for syndication – five days a week. |
| network era | refers to the dominance of the Big Three networks – ABC, CBS, and NBC – over programming and prime-time viewing habits; the era began eroding with a decline in viewing and with the development of VCRs, cable, and new TV networks. |
| independent station | a TV station, such as WGN in Chicago or WTBS in Atlanta, that finds its own original and syndicated programming and is not affiliated with any of the major networks. |
| videocassette recorder (VCR) | recorders that use a half-inch video format known as VHS (video home system), which enables viewers to record and play back programs from television or to watch movies rented from video stores. |
| high-definition | a new digital standard for U.S. television sets that has more than twice the resolution of the system that served as the standard from the 1940s through the 1990s. |
| time shifting | the process whereby television viewers tape shows and watch them later, when it is convenient for them. |
| DVR (digital video recorder) | a device that enables users to find and record specific television shows (and movies) and store them in a computer memory to be played back at a later time or recorded onto a DVD. |
| infotainment | a type of television program that packages human-interest and celebrity stories in TV news style. |
| fin-syn | (Financial Interest and Syndication Rules) FCC rules that prohibited the major networks from running their own syndication companies or from charging production companies additional fees after had completed their prime-time runs. |
| deficit financing | in television, the process whereby a TV production company leases its programs to a network for a license fee that is actually less that the cost of production; the company hopes to recoup this loss later in rerun syndication. |
| rerun syndication | in television, the process whereby programs that stay in a network’s lineup long enough to build up a certain number of episodes (usually four seasons worth) are sold, or syndicated, to hundreds of TV markets in the United States and abroad. |
| O & O | TV stations “owned and operated” by networks. |
| evergreen | in TV syndication, popular, lucrative, and enduring network reruns, such as the Andy Griffith Show or I Love Lucy. |
| fringe time | in television, the time slot either immediately before the evening’s prime-time schedule (called early fringe) or immediately following the local evening news or the network’s late-night talk shows (called later fringe). |
| off-network syndication | in television, the process whereby older programs that no longer run during prime time are made available for reruns to local stations, cable operators, online services, and foreign markets. |
| first-run syndication | in television, the process whereby new programs are specifically produced for sale in syndication markets rather than for network television. |
| rating | in TV audience measurement, a statistical estimate expressed as a percentage of households tuned to a program in the local or national market being sampled. |
| share | in TV audience measurement, a statistical estimate of the percentage of homes tuned to a certain program, compared with those simply using their sets at the time of the sample. |
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