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BIO 100--Quiz 5

QuestionAnswer
\Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules? proteins
Which type of organelle is primarily involved in the synthesis of oils, phospholipids, and steroids? smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Which structure is the site of the synthesis of proteins that may be exported from the cell? rough ER
The fact that the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope has bound ribosomes allows one to most reliably conclude that... at least some of the proteins that function in the nuclear envelope are made by the ribosomes on the nuclear envelope.
In animal cells, hydrolytic enzymes are packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular components. Which of the following organelles functions in this compartmentalization? lysosome
The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs. Which of the following structures is primarily involved in this process and therefore abundant in liver cells? smooth ER
Which of the following is a compartment that often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell? vacuole
Which of the following contains enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen? peroxisome
A biologist ground up some plant leaf cells and then centrifuged the mixture to fractionate the organelles. The heavier and lighter fractions are most likely to contain, respectively,... chloroplasts and mitochondria
Why isn't the chloroplast classified as part of the endomembrane system? Its structure is not derived from the ER.
Cells can be described as having a cytoskeleton of internal structures that contribute to the shape, organization, and movement of the cell. Which of the following is part of the cytoskeleton? microfilaments
Which of the following types of molecules are the major structural components of the cell membrane? phospholipids and proteins
The presence of cholesterol in the plasma membranes of some animals... enables the membrane to stay fluid more easily when cell temperature drops
In order for a protein to be an integral membrane protein it would have to be which of the following? amphipathic
Which of the following is a reasonable explanation for why unsaturated fatty acids help keep any membrane more fluid at lower temperatures? The double bonds form kinks in the fatty acid tails, forcing adjacent lipids to be further apart
Which of these are never embedded in the lipid bilayer at all? transmembrane proteins integral proteins peripheral proteins integrins glycoproteins peripheral proteins
Why are lipids and proteins free to move laterally in membranes? There are no covalent bonds between lipid and protein in the membrane
Which of the following would likely move MOST rapidly through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane? CO2
Which of the following statements about diffusion is MOST CORRECT? It is a passive process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration
Someone lost a lot of blood. In an attempt to replenish body fluids, distilled water, equal to the volume of blood lost, is transferred directly into one of her veins. What will be the most probable result of this transfusion? The patient's red blood cells will swell because the blood fluid becomes hypotonic compared to the cells.
Celery stalks that are immersed in fresh water for several hours become stiff and hard. Similar stalks left in a salt solution become limp and soft. From this we can deduce that the cells of the celery stalks are... hypertonic to fresh water but hypotonic to the salt solution.
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of a carrier protein in a plasma membrane? It exhibits a specificity for a particular type of molecule.
You are working on a team that is designing a new drug. In order for this drug to work, it must enter the cytoplasm of specific target cells. Which of the following would be a factor that determines whether the molecule enters the cell? similarity of the drug molecule to other molecules transported by the target cells
Which of the following membrane activities require energy from ATP hydrolysis? Na+ ions moving out of the cell
The cells lining the small intestine, however, rapidly move large quantities of glucose from the glucose-rich food into their glucose-poor cytoplasm. Using this information, which transport mechanism is most probably functioning in the intestinal cells? facilitated diffusion
What is the voltage across a membrane called? membrane potential
The sodium-potassium pump is called an electrogenic pump because it... contributes to the membrane potential.
Ions diffuse across membranes down their... electrochemical gradients.
Proton pumps are used in various ways by members of every kingdom of organisms. What does this most probably mean? Cells with proton pumps were maintained in each Kingdom by natural selection.
White blood cells engulf bacteria through what process? phagocytosis
 

 



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