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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Crude birth rate | is the number of live births per year for each 1,000 people |
| Total fertility rate | focuses on women in their childbearing age (15-49), and is the average number of children who would be born per woman of that group in a country, assuming every woman lived through her childbearing years |
| Overpopulation | the growth of population beyond what an area can support |
| Anti-natalist policies | programs to decrease the number of births |
| Pro-natalist policies | programs designed to increase the fertility rate |
| Life expectancy | the number of years the average person will live |
| Infant mortality rate | the number of children who die before their 1st birthday |
| Demographic Transition Model | shows 5 stages of population change countries pass through as they modernize |
| Expansive population pyramid | Stage 2 (DTM) country with a high birth rate (which produces a wide base) and a low life expectancy (which leads to narrowing in the upper years). Because the younger generations are larger than the old ones, the result is rapid population growth- Typic |
| Epidemiological Transition Model | ue to a large discrepancy in the types of diseases found across the world in the 1970’s Abdel Omran identified predictable stages in disease and life expectancy as they develop |
| Stationary population pyramids- | Stage 4 – DMT) it indicates a population that is not significantly growing or shrinking |
| Crude death rate | number of deaths occurring during a year per 1,000 people |
| Rate of natural increase | The percentage at which a country’s population is growing or declining without the impact of immigration |
| Immigrants | people who moved into a country |
| Emigrants | people who moved out of the country |
| Demographic Balancing Equation | total population change = Births – Deaths + Immigrants – emigrants |
| Malthusian Theory | in 1798, Thomas Malthus, a member of the clergy and economist analyzed the relationship between agricultural output and the growing number of people and concluded that society was on a path toward massive starvation |
| Neo-Malthusians | people today who have adopted Malthus’ basic ideas to modern conditions |