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SIX SIGMA CONCEPTS
BASIC SIX SIGMA CONCEPTS
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| AN IDEA INHERENT IN SIX SIGMA METHODOLOGY IS THAT ____ IS THE ROOT OF MANY DEFECTS | VARIANCE |
| A STATISTICAL MEASURE USED THAT MEASURES THE DISTANCE BETWEEN DATA POINTS AND THE MEAN OF ALL DATA, USED BY TEAMS TO UNDERSTAND VARIATION IN A PROCESS. | STANDARD DEVIATION |
| WHY CALCULATE STANDARD DEVIATION? | 1. GIVES AN IDEA OF HOW MUCH DEVIATION EXISTS IN A PROCESS WHILE TAKING OUTLIERS SOMEWHAT INTO ACCOUNT 2. SERVES AS A POINTER FOR WHERE TO INVESTIGATE WITHIN THE PROCESS FOR PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS |
| THIS PRINICIPLE IS ALSO KNOWN AS THE 80/20 PRINCIPLE AND STATES THAT 20% OF THE CUASES LEAD TO 80% OFTHE EFFECTS | THE PARETO PRINCIPLE (AKA THE VITAL FEW) |
| THE PARETO PRINCIPLE IS CRITICAL TO SIX SIGMA BECUASE____ | FEW INPUTS TEND TO CREATE MORE IMPACT THAN ALL THE OTHER INPUTS. |
| DEFINED AS A GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF DATA ELEMENTS - USUALLY INPUTS OR CAUSES - IN A RANKED BAR CHART, ARRANGED IN THE ORDER OF HEIGHT | PARETO CHART |
| PARETO CHARTS ARE HELPFUL FOR ANALYZING _____ | 1. FREQUENCIES OR CAUASES OF PROBLEMS 2. OR FOR COMMUNICATING CUASES OF PROBLEMS TO OTHERS |
| VOICE OF THE CUSTOMER DATA SHOULD BE COLLECTED WHEN? | BEFORE, DURING, AFTER IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS. |
| WHEN COULD VOICE OF THE CUSTOMER (VOC) BE SOUGHT? | 1. AS A WAY TO CLARIFY NEEDS AND DESIRES 2. CLARIFY SPECIFIC PROBLEMS WITH A PROCESS 2. REGULAR PART OF IMPROVMENT FOR CUSTOMER SERVICE OR MARKETING |
| TWO TYPES OF VOC COMPAIGNS? | 1. GENERAL CUSTOMER FEEDBACK 2. SPECIFIC CUSTOMER FEEDBACK |
| THIS TYPE OF FEEDBACK IS NORMALLY OBTAINED THROUGH FEEDBACK FORMS, CUSTOMER COMPLAINT RECORDS, WEBSITE INFO AND SOCIAL MEDIA. USED TO CHECK GENERAL CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND POTENTIAL CAUSE. | GENERAL CUSTOMER FEEDBACK |
| SIMILAR TO GENERAL CUSTOMER FEEDBACK, BUT TOOLS AND QUESTIONS ARE TAILORED TO THE SITUATION. | SPECIFIC CUSTOMER FEEDBACK |
| WHAT IS A GOOD VOC TOOL TO ASK QUESTIONS THAT YIELD ACTUAL DATA POINTS THAT CAN BE ANAYLYZED USING STATISTICS. | LIKERT SCALE |
| A LIKERT SCALE USES A 5 POINT RANKING THAT TENDS TO USE SOME VARIATION OF_____ | STRONGLY AGREE AGREE NEUTRAL DIAGREE STRONGLY DISAGREE |
| BASIC METRICS | 1. DEFECTS PER MILLION OPPORTUNITIES (DPMO) 2. DEFECTS PER UNIT (DPU) 3. FIRST TIME YIELD (FTY) 4. ROLLED THROUGHPUT YIELD (RTY) |
| DPMO FORMULA | (# OF DEFECTS IN A SAMPLE / OPPORTUNITIES FOR A DEFECT IN A SAMPLE) * 1,000,000 |
| THIS PROVIDES AN AGREAGE LEVEL OF QUALITY AND IS A MEASURE OF HOW MANY DEFECTS THERE ARE IN RELATION TO THE NUMBER UNITS TESTED. | DEFECTS PER UNIT (DPU) |
| DPU FORMULA | # OF DEFECTS FOUND / # OF UNITS IN THE SAMPLE |
| THE RATIO OF UNITS PRODUCED TO UNITS ATTEMPTED TO PRODUCE. | FIRST TIME YIELD |
| FTY FORMULA | # OF GOOD UNITS PRODUCED / # OF UNITS ENTERING THE PROCESS |
| THIS YIELD PROVIDES A PROBABILITY THAT A UNIT WILL BE GENERATED BY A PROCESS WITH NO DEFECTS. | ROLLED THROUGHPUT YIELD (RTY) |
| ONE OF THE MAIN DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RTY AND BASIC YIELD OR FTY IS THAT ____ | RTY CONSIDERS WHETHER REWORD WAS NEEDED TO GENERATE THE NUMBER OF UNITS. |
| RTY FORMULA | (# OF UNITS ENTERING - (SCRAP+REWORK))/NUMBER OF UNITS ENTERING PROCESS |
| A LOW RTY INDICATES | THAT THERE IS WASTE IN THE PROCESS IN THE FORM OF REWORK |
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cspeer1