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Congress Vocab

QuestionAnswer
Bicameral Legislature Congress consists of two houses, the House of Representatives and the Senate
Casework Assistance that House of Reps and Senate provide to constituents having trouble w/ federal administrative agencies
Constituent A voter that lives in a specific district and is represented by an elected official
Caucus Informal group of legislators cooperating to pursue shared goals, specific policy interests, or demographic concerns.
Closed Rule Bans all floor amendment to a bill and strictly limits debate time.
Cloture Rule Used to end a filibuster and limit further debate on a bill, amendment, or presidential nomination. Needs 60 votes by the Senate to end a filibuster.
Conference Committee A temporary, bicameral panel of the US Congress formed to reconcile differences between HoR and Senate versions of a bill. Used for final negotiation of passing legislation.
Delegate Model Theory where elected officials act strictly as a direct voice for their constituents, voting according to their people's wishes rather than their own judgement/conscious
Discretionary Spending Portion of the federal budget that Congress approves and controls each year through annual appropriations acts.
Filibuster Extends a debate infinitely in order to delay or block a vote on a bill, nomination, or resolution. Can be stopped by a cloture to end the debate.
Franking priviledge Allows members of Congress and select govt officials to send official mail through US Postal Service without paying standard postage. The govt uses tax-payer money to reimburse the postal service.
House Rules Committee Powerful standing committee in HoR and controls how/when bills reach the House floor for debate/voting.
Baker V Carr Ruled that electoral districts must be roughly equal in population. Also expanded fed court involvement in state politics, elections, and redistricting supervision.
Shaw V Reno Ruled that redistricting plans based predominantly on race are subject to strict scrutiny under the Equal Protection Clause of 14th Amendment.
Joint Committees Official legislative/organizational group that includes members from both chambers of bicameral legislature or multiple administrative bodies.
Logrolling A lawmaker supports another bill in exchange for support for theirs.
Mandatory Spending Federal expenditures required by existing laws rather than annual appropriations acts. - Social security, medicare, medicaid, etc
Open Rule Allows any member to offer any germane floor amendment to a bill, given that it complies w/ standard house Rules and is debated under 5 minute rule
Ways and Means Committee Oldest standing committee in Congress and serves as the tax writing panel in HoR. Writes laws that raise revenue and manage trade.
Pork Barrel Legislation When members of congress use federal funding to pay for local projects that benefit only their specific home districts/states. Criticized for wasting tax payer money and inflating the NA budget.
Rider Separate, often unrelated provision added under a major bill to ensure it passes into law.
Select Committee Temporary/permanent panel in Congress used to handle an issue/investigation that falls outside of the reg jurisdiction of permanent standing committees.
Standing Committee Permanent panel formed in Congress by House and Senate rules lasting from session to session. Known for reviewing, debating, and modifying bills.
Trustee Model Theory of representation where elected official of Congress use their own knowledge and conscience to vote for the common good. Can go against their immediate desires/desires of their own constituents.
Whips Party leader elected by their caucus to ensure party discipline, count votes, and mobilize members to vote in line with the party's political platform.
Created by: Brandonc2598
 

 



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