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H + S Test #3
History and Systems Test - Ch. 8-11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why did the FDA take Coca Cola to court in 1911? | Because one of Coke's ingredients was caffeine. |
| Who was hired by Coca Cola to perform research in their 1911 court case? | Harry Hollingworth |
| The main reason Wundt's and Titchener's systems did not survive in the United States was that they ____. | were not pragmatic |
| According to Cattell, by 1895 psychology was ____. | a required subject for an undergraduate degree |
| In 1900, the American public's response to the new science of psychology was ____. | to embrace it |
| At the end of the 19th century, the field of ____ demanded the application of psychological principles to practical problems with rise in private school education. | education |
| What persuaded psychologists to apply their expertise to problems in education? | An increase in public school enrollment |
| Cattell's work was novel in its focus on ____. | human abilities |
| Cattell's interest in psychology was provoked by ____. | his own use of drugs |
| Who developed the Draw-A-Man Test, a widely used nonverbal intelligence test for children? | Goodenough |
| ____ used the Binet test at Ellis Island to restrict the entry of immigrants to the United States. | Goddard |
| The purpose of adopting metaphors from medical and engineering terminology was to ____. | liken psychology to the established sciences |
| The intelligence test, first developed by ____, is the basis for those still used today. | Binet |
| Unlike ____, who used sensorimotor tests, ____ assessed cognitive functions to measure intelligence. | Galton and Cattell; Binet |
| One consequence of the adoption of the Stanford-Binet test in the United States is that ____. | public education has revolved around the IQ construct ever since |
| The effect of World War I on the evolution of psychological testing was to ____. | establish a hospitable environment for such endeavors |
| Woodworth's Personal Data Sheet was designed to ____. | separate the neurotic from the average recruit |
| The results of testing by the Yerkes research group ____. | had no impact on recruitment and selection or the war effort as a whole |
| The fundamental difference between the Binet tests and the army Alpha and Beta tests was that ____. | Binet's tests were individually administered; the army tests were for groups |
| The construct called "IQ" was developed by ____. | Stern |
| Who revised the Binet intelligence test into what is known as the Stanford-Binet test? | Terman |
| Who translated and introduced the Binet intelligence test to American psychologists? | Goddard |
| If a 10-year-old can perform the same tasks as the average 15-year-old, then the child's ____ is 15 and ____ is 150 | mental age; IQ score |
| Binet based his conclusion about appropriate measure of intelligence based on research conducted with ____. | his daughters |
| Binet and Simon's test differed from those of Galton and Cattell in its ____. | emphasis on the relationship of higher cognitive processes to intelligence |
| The first effective tests of mental faculties were developed by ____. | Binet |
| The results of Cattell's research on mental tests with students at Columbia University indicated that his measures ____. | None of the choices are correct. |
| The original purpose for the founding of The Psychological Corporation was to ____. | deliver applied psychological services |
| Unlike Titchener, Cattell believed graduate students should ____. | study whatever they liked |
| Who argued for the sterilization of mental defectives and delinquents and cash incentives for the best and the brightest to marry and have children? | Cattell |
| Which of the following techniques became more widely applied in American psychology than in England? | correlation coefficient and chi-square test |
| Galton's influence on Cattell led to ____. | the study of large groups rather than single subjects |
| Which of the following methods did Cattell develop? | the order-of-merit ranking method |
| Cattell's Ph.D. was earned with ____. | Wundt at Leipzig |
| Cattell wrote that he found himself "making brilliant discoveries in science and philosophy" when ____. | using drugs |
| With regard to racial differences in IQs, the work of African American ____ demonstrated the strong effects of environment. | Bond |
| Watson's approach to structuralism and functionalism was ____. | a revolt |
| Which of the following terms should be banned from psychology according to behaviorism? | All of the choices are correct. |
| For Watson, such subject matter as mind, consciousness, and images was ____. | meaningless for a science of psychology |
| Who argued that consciousness, as a concept, was as unprovable as the concept of the soul? | Watson |
| For Watson, introspection was ____. | irrelevant |
| For Comte, valid knowledge is that which is ____. | objectively observable and social in nature |
| The early 20th-century Zeitgeist in science was marked by ____. | positivism |
| The most important antecedent of Watson's behaviorism was ____. | animal psychology |
| Who had a theory of tropisms? | Loeb |
| For Loeb, a tropism is a(n) ____. | involuntary forced movement |
| For Loeb, if an animal's response is forced by a stimulus, the ____. | behavior requires no inferences about consciousness |
| The white rat and the rat maze became staples of research in psychology in 1900 with the work of ____. | Willard S. Small |
| Watson's dissertation was on ____. | the conscious experience of rats |
| An early African American researcher in comparative psychology was ____. | Turner |
| The Animal Mind, the first textbook on comparative psychology, was written by ____. | Margaret Washburn |
| Who wrote a paper on ant behavior that was highly praised by Watson? | Turner |
| The "last stand" of mentalistic interpretations of animal behavior was the text ____ written by ____. | The Animal Mind; Washburn |
| After The Animal Mind, textbooks on comparative psychology focused on ____. | learning |
| Which of the following statements best describes the change that took place in animal psychology following the work of Romanes and Morgan? | The field became more objective as mentalistic terms were dropped from the descriptions of behavior. |
| According to Schultz and Schultz, "Whether dealing with mind or with behavior, it was not easy to be ____.” | an animal psychologist |
| The particular contribution of Pavlov's work to Watson's behaviorism was Pavlov's ____. | objective methodology |
| Pfungst demonstrated that the apparent thinking ability of the horse Clever Hans was really due to the animal's ability to respond to ____. | head movements |
| The case of Clever Hans served to ____. | llustrate the importance of objective, experimental study of animal behavior with proper control conditions |
| Thorndike's (1898) law of effect is similar to ____. | Pavlov's law of reinforcement |
| The first doctoral dissertation in psychology to use animal subjects was that of ____. | Thorndike |
| Consistent with James's views, Pavlov argued that ____. | psychology was not yet a science |
| Pavlov's work illustrated the study of higher mental processes in ____. | physiological terms |
| Who first defined psychology as the study of behavior? | Pillsbury |
| For Thorndike, learning is ____ | making connections |
| Who first demonstrated that reward had a stronger effect than punishment? | Thorndike |
| Habit strength is a function of repetition. This is an instance of ____. | Thorndike's law of exercise |
| The puzzle box is traditionally associated with the work of ____. | Thorndike |
| Thorndike's approach was similar to that of structuralism in his focus on ____. | mechanism |
| The influence of Romanes and Morgan on Thorndike was shown in Thorndike's ____. | use of mentalistic processes |
| Thorndike's ideas about the stamping in or stamping out of a response tendency led to his statement of ____. | the law of effect |
| The "original" law of effect states that ____. | any act that produces satisfaction is more likely to occur again; any act that produces discomfort is less likely to occur again |
| Bekhterev ____. | applied Pavlovian principles to the muscles |
Created by:
Bizzie B