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Stack #4737623
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Conflict theory | a theory that examines social and economic factors as the causes of criminal deviance |
| control theory | A theory that says social control is directly affected by the strength of social bonds in that deviance results from a feeling of disconnection from society |
| corporate crime | Crime committed by White-collar workers in a business environment |
| corrections system | The system tasked with supervising individuals who have been arrested for, convicted of, or sentence for criminal offenses |
| court | A system that has the authority to make decisions based on law |
| crime | A behavior that violates official law that is punished through formal sanctions |
| criminal justice system | An organization that exists to enforce a legal code |
| Deviance | A violation of contextual, cultural, or social norms |
| Differential association theory | A theory that states individuals learn deviant behavior from those close to them who provide models of an opportunities for deviance |
| formal sanctions | sanctions that are officially recognized and enforce |
| hate crimes | Attack based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics |
| informal sanctions | sanctions that occur in face-to-face interactions |
| labeling theory | The describing of a deviant behavior to another person by members of society |
| legal codes | Codes that remain formal social control through laws |
| master status | A label that describes the chief characteristics of an individual |
| negative sanctions | Punishments for violating norms |
| nonviolent crimes | Crimes and involve the destruction or thief of property, but do not use force or the threat of force |
| police | A civil force in charge of regulating laws in public order at the federal state or community level |
| positive sanctions | Rewards given for conforming to norms |
| power elite | A small group of wealthy and influential people at the top of society who hold the power and resources |
| primary deviance | A violation of norms that do not result in any long-term effects on the individual self image or interactions with others |
| sanctions | The meaning of enforcing rules |
| secondary deviance | Deviance that occurs when a person self-concept and behavior signs begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society. |
| slef-report study | A collection of data acquired using voluntary response methods, such as questionnaires or telephone interviews. |
| social control | the regulation and enforcement of norms |
| social disorganization theory | A theory that asserts crime occurs in committees with weak social ties in the absence of social control |
| social order | An arrangement practices and behaviors on which societies members base their daily lives |
| Strain theory | A theory that addresses the relationship between having socially acceptable goals, and having socially acceptable means to reach those goals |
| Street crime | Crime committed by average people against other people or organizations usually in public spaces |
| Victimless crime | Activities against the law, but do not require injury to any individual other ones self |
| Violent crimes | Crime based on the use of force or threat of force |