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7th grade social
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Peninsula | a piece of land that is almost entirely surrounded by water but is connected to the mainland on one side |
| Uplands | land areas lying above the elevation where flooding generally occurs |
| Polder | a low-lying tract of land that forms an artificial hydrological entity, enclosed by embankments known as dikes |
| Bay | a body of water partially surrounded by land |
| Fjord | when a glacier cuts a U-shaped valley |
| Canal | a human-made waterway that allows boats and ships to pass from one body of water to another |
| Waterway | navigable bodies of water that facilitate the transportation of goods and logistics activities |
| Ecosystem | a community of living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) things working together |
| Marine Reserve | They live and work as civilians—students, professionals, parents—while maintaining service, typically one weekend a month and two weeks a year |
| Democracy | government in which the supreme power is vested in the people. |
| City-State | a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state. |
| Golden Age | a time of prosperity, peace, cultural production, achievement, and political stability of a society |
| Philosopher | a person who is deeply versed in philosophy |
| Plebeian | a member of the common people in ancient Rome |
| Aqueduct | structures that carry a large quantity of flowing water across a valley or a hollow |
| Feudal System | a type of social and political system in which landholders provide land to tenants in exchange for their loyalty and service |
| Navigations | the skill and discipline of ascertaining the precise location of a vessel, aircraft, or any other vehicle, and directing it towards a designated destination |
| Natural Rights | those that are not dependent on the laws or customs of any particular culture or government, and so are universal, fundamental and inalienable |
| Nationalism | an ideology that asserts that a nation is formed by a group of people with a common identity, language, history, and set of customs |
| Guillotine | make capital punishment more reliable and less painful |
| Reparations | meant to acknowledge and repair the causes and consequences of human rights |
| Factory System | a new way of organizing labour made necessary by the development of machines which were too large to house in a worker's cottage |
| Republic | a state in which political power rests with the public |
| Navigable | those waters that are subject to the ebb and flow of the tide and/or are presently used |
| Radical | relating to or affecting the fundamental nature of something; far-reaching or thorough. |
| Rhine River | The Rhine is the longest river in Germany. |
| Alps | the highest and most extensive mountain ranges in Europe |
| Danube River | river in Europe, the second-longest after the Volga. |
| Acropolis | high city |
| Reformation | the action or process of reforming an institution or practice. |
| Renaissance | a period in European civilization that was marked by a revival of Classical learning and wisdom |
| Industrial Revolution | This transition included going from hand production methods to machines |
| Enlightenment | an intellectual and cultural movement in the eighteenth century that emphasized reason over superstition and science over blind faith |
| John Locke | an English philosopher and physician |
| Reign of Terror | a period of remorseless repression or bloodshed, in particular the period of the Terror during the French Revolution. |
| Great Depression | a severe global economic downturn from 1929 to 1939. |
| Treaty of Versailles | peace treaty signed on 28 June 1919 |
| Cold War | The Cold War was a period of international geopolitical rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union |
| Iron Curtain | the political and physical boundary that divided Europe from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1990/1991 |
| Berlin Wall | the first step towards German reunification |
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