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medmath
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Math in Health Care | Requires 100% accuracy because errors can have dire consequences, including death (e.g., calculating medication dosages, billing insurance, performing lab tests, measuring fluids, mixing solutions) |
| Distance | Length |
| Capacity | Volume |
| Mass | Weight |
| Standard (Household) System — Distance and Length | System measuring distance and length using units like inches, feet, yards, and miles |
| Inch (in) | Standard household unit for distance/length |
| Foot (ft) | Standard household unit for distance/length |
| Yard (yd) | Standard household unit for distance/length |
| Mile (mi) | Standard household unit for distance/length |
| Standard (Household) System — Capacity and Volume | System measuring liquid volume (especially liquid medications) using units like drops, teaspoons, tablespoons, ounces, cups, pints, quarts, and gallons |
| Drop (gtt) | Standard household liquid measurement used for medicines and IV drip rates |
| Teaspoon (tsp) | Standard household liquid measurement used for medicines and oral intake |
| Tablespoon (tbsp) | Standard household liquid measurement used for medicines and oral intake |
| Ounce (oz) | Standard household liquid measurement used for oral intake |
| Cup (c) | Standard household liquid measurement used for oral intake |
| Pint (pt) | Standard household liquid measurement used for oral intake |
| Quart (qt) | Standard household liquid measurement used for oral intake |
| Gallon (gal) | Standard household liquid measurement used for oral intake |
| Standard (Household) System — Mass and Weight | System measuring weight using units like ounces and pounds |
| Ounce (oz) [Weight] | Standard household unit for mass and weight |
| Pound (lb) | Standard household unit for mass and weight |
| Metric System | Measurement system used in science that is more accurate, easier to use, based on units of ten, and converted by moving the decimal point |
| Meter (m) | Basic metric unit for distance and length |
| Liter (L) | Basic metric unit for capacity and volume |
| Gram (gm) | Basic metric unit for weight and mass |
| Metric Prefixes | Prefixes indicating a relationship to the basic unit |
| Kilo | Metric prefix meaning 1,000 times the basic unit |
| Hecto | Metric prefix meaning 100 times the basic unit |
| Deca | Metric prefix meaning 10 times the basic unit |
| Deci | Metric prefix meaning 1/10 of the basic unit |
| Centi | Metric prefix meaning 1/100 of the basic unit |
| Milli | Metric prefix meaning 1/1,000 of the basic unit |
| Micro | Metric prefix meaning 1/1,000,000 of the basic unit |
| Military Time | 24-hour clock system without A.M. or P.M. used to avoid errors (12th hour = noon, 24th hour = midnight, exception: 12:01 AM = 0001) |
| Roman Numerals | Numeral system where all numbers are derived from seven key numerals (I, V, X, L, C, D, M) |
| I Value Xylophones Like Cows Do Milk | Mnemonic to remember Roman numerals in order (I=1, V=5, X=10, L=50, C=100, D=500, M=1000) |
| I (Roman Numeral) | 1 |
| V (Roman Numeral) | 5 |
| X (Roman Numeral) | 10 |
| L (Roman Numeral) | 50 |
| C (Roman Numeral) | 100 |
| D (Roman Numeral) | 500 |
| M (Roman Numeral) | 1000 |
| Roman Numerals Rule 1 | If a smaller numeral is in front of a larger numeral, it is subtracted |
| Roman Numerals Rule 2 | If a smaller numeral is after a larger numeral, it is added |
| Roman Numerals Rule 3 | If the same numeral is repeated, they are added |
| Roman Numerals Rule 4 | Limit to three the number of times a numeral is placed next to itself |
| PO | Per Oral (by mouth) |
| IM | Intramuscular |
| IV | Intravenously |
| PR | Rectally |
| SL | Sub-lingual |
| SA | Sustained Action |
| SR | Sustained Release |
| LA | Long Acting |
| CD | Controlled Delivery |
| SQ | Subcutaneous |
| XL | Extended Length / Extra Long Acting |
| OTC | Over-the-Counter |
| MDI | Metered-Dose Inhaler |
| ER | Extended Release (not emergency room) |
| SIG | Directions (Rx) |
| PRN | As Needed |
| C (with line) | With |
| UD | As Directed |
| SS | Half |
| AA | Of Each |
| QS | Quantity Sufficient |
| DC | Discontinue |
| OU | Both Eyes |
| OD | Right Eye |
| OS | Left Eye |
| AU | Both Ears |
| AD | Right Ear |
| AS | Left Ear |
| INJ | Injection |
| SUP | Suppository |
| TAB | Tablet |
| CAP | Capsule |
| SUSP | Suspension |
| NG | Naso-gastric |
| UNG | Ointment |
| SOLN | Solution |
| CRM | Cream |
| AMP | Ampule |
| PV | Vaginally |
| STAT | NOW / Immediately |
| BID | 2X / Day |
| TID | 3X / Day |
| QID | 4X / Day |
| QD | Every Day |
| QH | Every Hour |
| Q _ H | Every _ Hrs |
| QAM | Every A.M. |
| QPM | Every P.M. |
| X _ D | For _ Days |
| HS | At Bedtime |
| PC | After Meal |
| AC | Before Meal |
| SD | Single Dose |
| GTT | Drop |
| DR | Dram |
| mL | Milliliter |
| TSP | Teaspoon |
| TBL | Tablespoon |
| OZ | Ounce |
| L | Litre / Liter |
| Gal | Gallon |
| Mcg | Microgram |
| Gr | Grain |
| mG | Milligram |
| GM | Gram |
| KG | Kilogram |
| LB | Pound |
| Six Rights of Medication Administration | Core safety checks: Right medication, Right dose or amount, Right patient, Right time, Right method or route of administration, and Right documentation |
| Factors for Appropriate Administration Route | Depends on the dosage form available, patient's age, and patient's condition (e.g., level of consciousness) |
| Oral Route | Medication taken by mouth |
| Oral Solid Forms | Tablets, capsules, powders, and lozenges |
| Oral Liquid Forms | Solutions, elixirs, suspensions, and syrups |
| Parenteral Route | Medications that are injected into the body |
| Subcutaneous (SC) Injection | Injection placed just below the surface of the skin |
| Intramuscular (IM) Injection | Injection placed into a muscle |
| Intravenous (IV) Injection | Injection placed directly into a vein |
| Intradermal (ID) Injection | Injection placed in the dermis, under the epidermis |
| Sublingual Route | Medication placed under the tongue to dissolve and absorb into mucosal tissue |
| Rectal Route | Medication administered directly into the rectum (e.g., suppositories, gels) |
| Vaginal Route | Medication administered directly into the vagina (e.g., suppositories, creams, gels) |
| Topical Route | Medication applied directly to a skin or surface area for a localized effect |
| Transdermal Route | Medication applied via skin patch/cream to be absorbed systemically over time |
| Inhalation Route | Medication delivered into the respiratory system by breathing in gas, mist, or powder |
| Ophthalmic Route | Medication administered directly into or onto the eye (e.g., drops, ointments) |
| Otic Route | Medication administered directly into the ear canal (e.g., ear drops) |
| Drug Classifications | Method of grouping drugs by their common effect on the body (e.g., Depressants, Stimulants, Antihistamines, Opiates, NSAIDs) |
| celsius to farenheit | (0°C × 9/5) + 32 = 32°F |
Created by:
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