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Animal Training
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the goals of wildlife rehab? | Preserve natural ecosystems, provide proper care to animals in need, keep animals wild, educate people |
| What are the steps of wildlife rehab? | Rescue, admission, stabilization, initial exam and treatment, intense rehab, intermediate rehab, conditioning for release, release evaluation, release |
| Permitting requirements for wildlife rehab | Written test, recommendation for sponsor, facility inspections, permit application, animals must remain state-owned, there is no financial support from the government |
| What special permitting requirements are there for rehab facilities with birds? | A federal permit |
| How are sanctuaries different from wildlife rehab? | Sanctuaries do not release their animals |
| What are the goals of sanctuaries? | Provide safe-haven for life, minimize stress, education |
| ASA | Animal Sanctuary Association |
| Standards of ASA | Non-profit, no commercial exploitation of animals, no breeding, Maintain permit/licenses, proper safety protocols, access to veterinary care, |
| What exceptions are there to the ASA standards? | Breeding can occasionally be done by SSPs |
| Conspecifics | Another animal of the same species |
| Indicators of quality in a sanctuary | Proper enclosures with two layers of safety, adequate space, pools, dens/beds, enrichment, may rely heavily on volunteers |
| Behavioral husbandry | Component of how we take care of our animals by thinking about their behaviors |
| How does animal behavior differ in captive vs. wild settings? | Behavior in captivity focuses on voluntary participation and decrease in stress |
| What resource do most animals in the wild spend their time acquiring? | Food |
| How do differences in time spent acquiring resources in captivity change animal behavior? | Animals don't need to worry about finding food anymore so they have a lot more free time |
| Topography | What the behavior looks like |
| Function | Why the behavior occurs |
| Why does it matter so much to know the function of the behavior? | If you don't know why the do it, it's hard to change it |
| Do behaviors often fulfill multiple functions? | Yes, but the topography may change to better fulfill those functions |
| What is SPIDER? | DAK animal behavior program framework |
| What do the letters in SPIDER stand for? | S-setting goals, P-planning, I-implementing, D-documenting, E-evaluating, R-re-adjustment |
| How does the S in SPIDER work? | Setting goals. Identify priority behaviors and set goals for training them |
| How does the P in SPIDER work? | Planning. Gather specific information and come up with a plan to encourage target behavior |
| How does the I in SPIDER work? | Implementing. Form a schedule for implementing strategies to encourage behavior |
| How does the D in SPIDER work? | Documenting. Record all information to see how things are going |
| How does the E in SPIDER work? | Evaluating. Analyze efficiency |
| How does the R in SPIDER work? | Re-adjustment. See what changes need to be made to help the animal |
| Enrichement | A dynamic process for enhancing animal environments within the context of the animal's behavioral biology and natural history |
| What are the goals of providing enrichment to captive wild animals? | Increasing behavioral choices, drawing out species-specific behaviors, enhancing welfare |
| How does the DAK set goals for encouraging certain behaviors? | Take information on the animal, think about priority behaviors, watch videos of wild behavior, generate behavior based on enrichment ideas |
| Focus individuals | A species the park is focusing on |
| How does the DAK determine what goals to focus on? | By watching videos of the animal in the wild to see what behaviors they typically exhibit |
| Why is giving a list of enrichment items not a good idea to come up with new ideas? | Items are not the best way to encourage species-specific behavior |
| Training | A type of learning/teaching |
| Advantages of having a trained animal | Makes husbandry and veterinary procedures easier, guest experiences |
| Which trainings are essential for successful management? | Husbandry procedures such as shifting, proactive medical care such as health monitoring, hoof care, or individual needs |
| Classical conditioning | Teaching animals to respond to behaviors |
| Operant conditioning | A type of learning in which behavior is determined by consequences |
| Shaping | Building a behavior gradually |
| Cues | Something that lets an animal know to perform a specific behavior |
| Bridge | A behavioral reinforcer |
| What are the important components of a training plan? | Set a goal, analyze what the animal already knows, determine how species-specific behavior can be used, determine reinforcement, have a timeline |
| Positive reinforcement | Encouraging behavior by giving a reward. Most often used in zoos |
| Negative reinforcement | Removing a negative thing to encourage behavior |
| Negative punishment | Taking something away to correct behavior |
| Positive punishment | Adding something bad to correct behavior |
| What are the criteria for an animal training plan? | What the behavior is, what the goal of the behavior is, what the final approximation is, what the plan for training the behavior will be |
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