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Immun Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| AIDS- related complex (ARC) | Early stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in which mild symptoms are present, including lymphadenopathy, fatigue, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and diarrhea |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) | Later stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection when cells immune system lose their ability to fight off infection; patients become unable to resist opportunistic infections such as pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and Kaposi sarcoma (KS) |
| allergy | Hypersensitive to common substances (called allergen) in environment (such as pollen), to food, or to medication; most commonly affects areas of body directly exposed to allergen, such as the eyes, nose, bronchi, skin, and intestines |
| anaphylactic shock | Life-threatening condition resulting from severe allergic reaction causing cardiovascular and respiratory problems; may be triggered by some instinct stings/bites, medications, or certain foods; also called anaphylaxis |
| antigen | Protein foreign to the body that produces immune response; for example, proteins present on cell membrane of bacteria |
| autoimmune disease | Results from body's immune system attacking its own cells as if they were pathogen |
| Clostridium difficile infection | Clostridium difficile (C. diff) bacteria causes inflammation of the colon; symptoms include diarrhea, nausea, fever, and abdominal pain; most commonly occurs in persons requiring extended periods of antibodic use |
| elephantiasis | Results from blockage of lymphatic vessels that causes extreme tissue edema |
| hives | common name for appearance of wheals during allergic reaction |
| Hodgkin disease (HD) | Cancer of lymphatic cells found in lymph nodes; also called Hodgkin lymphoma |
| immunodeficiency | Having an immune system that is unable to respond properly to pathogens; also called immunocompromised |
| inflammation | Tissue response to injury; characterized by redness, pain, swelling, and feeling hot to touch |
| Kaposi sarcoma (KS) | Type of skin cancer often encountered in patients with AIDS; consists of brownish-purple papules that begin in skin and spread to internal organs |
| methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection (MRSA) | Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is resistant to methicillin and many common antibodies; symptoms depend on area of the body infected, often beginning in the skin and then spreading through the body bloodstream |
| mononucleosis | Acute viral infection of lymphoid tissue with large number of abnormal white blood cells circulating in bloodstream |
| non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) | Cancer of lymphatic tissues other than Hodgkin lymphoma |
| nosocomial infectio | Results from hospital exposure; also called healthcare-associated infection (HAI) |
| opportunistic infections | Found in patients with compromised immune systems |
| pneumocystis pneumonia | Opportunistic infection common in immunodeficient persons; caused by fungus Pneumocystis jiroveci |
| sarcoidosis | Autoimmune disease with fibrous lesions forming in the lymph nodes, liver, skin, lungs, spleen, eyes, and small bones of hands and feet |
| severe combines immunodeficiency (SCID) | Genetic condition of children born with a nonfunctioning immune system who are often forced to live in sealed sterile rooms |
| systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) | Autoimmune disease in which immune system attacks connective tissue throughout body such as in joints and skin |
| urticaria | Severe itching associated with hives, usually found in allergic reactions to food, stress, or medications |
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