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Chapter 7 Skeleton
Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Articular cartilage - | Hyaline cartilage that covers ends of bones in synovial joints. |
| Medullary cavity - | Cavity containing marrow within diaphysis of long bone. |
| Bursa | Saclike, fluid-filled structure, lined with synovial membrane, near a joint |
| Cartilaginous joint - | A type of slightly movable joint. |
| Diaphysis - | Shaft of a long bone. |
| Lever - | Simple mechanical device consisting of a rod, fulcrum, weight, and a source of energy that is applied to some point on the rod. |
| Osteocyte - | Mature bone cell |
| Endochondral bone - | Bone that begins as hyaline cartilage and is replaced by bone tissue. |
| Marrow - | Connective tissue in space within bones that includes blood-forming stem cells |
| Periosteum - | Fibrous connective tissue covering on bone surface |
| Epiphyseal disk - | Cartilaginous layer within the long bone epiphysis that grows. |
| Spongy bone - | Bone that consists of bars and plates separated by irregular spaces: |
| Cancellous bone | Bone tissue with a lattice work structure spongy bone |
| Synovial joint - | freely movable joint |
| Epiphysis - | End of long bone |
| Fibrous joint - | A kind of immovable joint |
| Meniscus - | Fibrocartilage that separates articulating bone surfaces in the knee. |
| Hematopoiesis - | Blood production and blood cells |
| Compact bone - | Dense tissue in which cells are organized in osteons with no apparent spaces. |
| Osteoblast - | Bone forming cells |
| Intramembranous bone - | Bone that forms from membranelike layers of primitive connective tissue. |
| Osteoclast - | Cell that erodes bone |
| Meatus - | Passageway or channel. Or external opening of passageway. |
| What is the function of the skeletal system? | Provides structure and support to the body |
| How many bones does an adult human skeleton consist of? | 206 |
| What bone is commonly known as the breastbone? | Sternum |
| Bones that protect the heart and lungs are called: | Rib cage |
| Which mineral is most important for bone health? | Calcium |
| What type of cells are responsible for bone formation? | Osteoblasts |
| Which of the following is not a function of bone marrow? | Detoxification of the body |
| The function of the cartilage found in joints is to: | Provide a smooth surface for joint movement |
| Vitamin D is important for bones because it: | Helps the body absorb calcium |
| Which part of the bone contains marrow? | Medullary cavity (inside of the bone) |
| What is the condition called where bones become weak and brittle? | Osteoporosis |
| Which part of the skeletal system protects the brain? | Skull |
| Which of the following bones is not part of the appendicular skeleton? | Sternum |
| Which of the following does not characterize a healthy skeletal system? | Bone rigidity and inflexibility |
| What part of the skeletal system is primarily responsible for producing movement? | Joints |
| What is the major role of tendons in the skeletal system? | Connect muscles to bones |
| Arms, legs, toes, feet, and hands would be in which of the following groups of bones | Long bones |
| Wrist and ankles would be in which of the following groups of bones | Short bones |
| Sternum, skull and scapula would be in which of the following groups of bones | Flat bones |
| Bones of the skull and face would be in which of the following groups of bones? | Irregular bones |
| What are bone cells called? | osteocyte |
| Cells responsible for bone formation are? | osteoblast |
| Cells responsible for the removal of bone debris. | osteoclast |
| Where is yellow marrow found? | Medullary cavity |
| What is the function of yellow marrow? | store fat or lipids |
| What is the function of red marrow? | make red blood cells |
| Where is red marrow found? | In the epiphysis |
| The wall of the diaphysis is composed mainly of tightly packed tissue called | Compact bone |
| What forms a transportation system that connects all the bone cells to the blood vessels? | Canaliculi |
| What are the two main divisions of the skeletal system? | Axial and Appendicular |
| What is the function of the axial skeleton? | Protection of vital organs |
| Which hormone is primarily responsible for lowering blood calcium levels? | Calcitonin |
| What role does the parathyroid hormone (PTH) play in calcium homeostasis? | Increases blood calcium levels |
| How does the body respond when blood calcium levels are too high? | Secretes calcitonin to lower blood calcium levels |
Created by:
tmcnu2