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Computing Systems

TermDefinition
System A group of parts that work together to accomplish a goal.
Computing system Hardware and software working together to take in data, work with it, show results, and save information.
Hardware The physical parts of a computer that you can touch, such as the screen, keyboard, and chip.
Software The programs and instructions that tell the hardware what to do.
Input Data that goes into a computer, or a device that sends it in (keyboard, mouse, microphone).
Process The step where the computer works on data by following instructions.
Output Results that come out of a computer, or a device that shows them (screen, speakers, printer).
Storage Where data is saved so it can be used later (hard drive, flash drive, cloud).
Processor (CPU) The “brain” of the computer. It carries out instructions and does the processing.
Protocol A set of rules that computers follow to communicate and move data.
HTTP The protocol used to send web pages between servers and your browser.
FTP The protocol used to upload and download files between computers.
Troubleshooting A step-by-step process for finding and fixing a problem with technology.
Stack A way of storing data where the last item added is the first one removed (like a stack of plates).
Queue A way of storing data where the first item added is the first one removed (like a line at the lunch counter).
Array An ordered list of items, where each item has its own numbered position.
Database An organized collection of data that is stored so it can be searched, sorted, and updated.
Network A group of connected devices that can share data and resources.
Router A device that directs data between devices on a network and connects them to the internet.
Model A simplified representation of a real object, event, or system.
Simulation A model that runs over time to show how a system behaves, so you can test “what if” questions.
 



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