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arthrology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the three types of joints? | fibrous, synovial, cartilaginous |
| describe fibrous joint | moving bones united by d i connective tissue |
| describe Synovial joint | two-layered articular capsule that unites the articulating bones and surrounds a lubricated space called an articular cavity |
| describe cartilaginous joint | bones are united by solid piece of hyaline cartilage |
| cheakpoint 1 on what basis are joints classified? | |
| what are the two types fibrous joints | sutures (in skull) syndesmosis (interosseous ligament interosseous membrane, gomphosis) |
| what is a gomphosis? where is it located? | |
| what is a interosseous ligament? where is it located? | |
| what is a interosseous membrane? where is it located? | |
| CP 2 how are the two types of fibrous joints similar? how are they different? | |
| what are the two types of cartilaginous joints? | synchondroses (between first rib and mandibrium) symphyses (pubic symphyses) |
| what are the different types of synovial joints? | plane ( vertabreacostal joint) Hinge (elbow) Pivot (atlanto-axial joint) Elipsoid (proximal phalangies) saddle (thumb) ball+ socket (hip) |
| what is a atlanto-axial joint? where is it located? | |
| what is the vertabreacostal joint? where is it located? | |
| what is autologous chondrocyte implantation? | partial or total knee replacement |
| what is an articular capsule? | encloses the articular cavity, composed of two layers, an outer fibrous layer and an inner synovial membrane |
| define synovial fuild? | egg white like fluid, lubricates joints |
| where are articular disks located? | a crescent shaped pad found in the knee |
| where is the labrum located? | fibrous cartilage lip in the hip and shoulder joint? |
| define bursitis? | acute or chronic inflammation of a bursa |
| CP 6 What types of sensations are perceived at joints, and from what sources do joints receive nourishment? | |
| CP 7 In what ways are bursae similar to joint capsules? How do they differ? | |
| what are the diferent types of movement in a synovial joint? | Gliding, angular (flx, ext, lat-flx, ab, ad) Rotation, special (Elevation, Depression, Protraction, Retraction, Inversion, Eversion, Dorsiflexion, Plantar flexion, Supination, Pronation, Opposition) |
| define Gliding movement? | flat bone surfaces move back-and-forth and from side-to-side with respect to one another |
| CP 8 what are 4 major categories of movement in synovial joints? | angular, gliding, rotation, special |
| what are 6 factors that effect the range of motion in the joints | Structure or shape of the articulating bones, Strength and tension (tautness) of the joint ligaments, Arrangement and tension of the muscles, Contact of soft parts, hormones, disuse |
| CP 11 how do strength and tension of ligaments determine range of motion? | |
| what are the joints of the axial skeleton? | suture, atlanto-occipital, atlanto-axial, intervertebral, vetebrocostal, sternocostal, lumbosacral |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a suture joint? | in skull. fibrous, little to no movement |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a atlanto-occipital? | top of neck. synovial. flexion, extension, slight lateral flexion of head |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a atlanto-axial? | top of neck, synovial, rotation of head |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a intervertabreal ? | in between vertebrae, cartilaginous, flexion, extension, lateral flexion, rotation of vertebral column |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a vertebrocostal? | in between ribs and vertebral disks, cartilaginous, slight gliding |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a sternocostal? | between sternum and first rib, cartilaginous, none |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a lumbosacral? | between 5 lumbar vertebrae and base of sacrum, cartilaginous, Flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation of vertebral column |
| what are the joints of the apendicular skeleton? | sternoclavicular, AC, radioulnar, radiocarpal, intercarpal, carpometacarpal, Metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal, Interphalangeal, sacroiliac, pubic symphysis, tibiofibular, talocrural, intertarsal, tarsometatarsal, |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a sternoclavicular? | Between sternal end of clavicle, manubrium, synovial, limited gliding |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a AC? | Between acromion of scapula and acromial end of clavicle. synovial, gliding and rotation of scapula |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a radioulnar | between head of radius and radial notch of ulna, synovial, rotation of forearm |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a radiocarpal? | Between distal end of radius and scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum of carpus. synovial. Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and slight hyperextension of wrist. |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a intercarpal? | between proximal row of carpal bones, distal row of carpal bones, synovial. Gliding plus flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and slight rotation at midcarpal joints. |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a carpometacarpal? | Carpometacarpal joint of thumb between trapezium of carpus and first metacarpal, synovia. Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction at thumb; gliding at remaining digits. |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a metacarpophalangeal? | Between heads of metacarpals (or metatarsals), synovial, Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction of phalanges. |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a interphalangeal? | Between heads of phalanges and bases of more distal phalanges. synovial, Flexion and extension of phalanges. |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a sacralilliac? | Between auricular surfaces of sacrum and ilia of hip bones. synovial |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a suture joint? | |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a suture joint? | |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a suture joint? | |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a suture joint? | |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a suture joint? | |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a suture joint? | |
| what are the articular components, classification and movement of a suture joint? |
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