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Chapter 17

Vocab

TermDefinition
Energy The ability to do work or cause a change
Kinetic energy The energy that an object has due to its motion.
Potential energy The energy that an object has because of it's position or shape.
Combustion The process in which a fuel burns because it combines rapidly with oxygen.
Energy efficieny An expression of how much of the energy put into a system actually does useful work
Renewable energy Nearly always available some-where on Earths surface, or they are replaced in a relatively short time.
Non-renewable energy In contrast, cannot be replaced. Things such as fossil fuels, coal, oil and natural gas.
Electricity The energy made available by the flow of an electric charge, is considered a secondary source of energy because it must be produced using a primary energy resource.
Strip Mining Is the extraction of a mineral by removing a strip of layers soil and rock on top of the mineral deposit.
Subsurface mining Is typically the practice of digging shifts deep into the ground to find and remove a mineral.
Petroleum A dark, liquid fossil fuel made up by mostly of hydro-carbons.
Petrochemicals Chemicals compounds that are derived from oil and used to make products.
Oil sands Deposits of moist sand and clay containing bitumen.
Oil shale A rock filled with a mixture of hydro carbons .
Methane hydrate Is an ice like solid that consists of molecules of methane within a crystal network of water molecules.
Acid drainage Occurs when sulfide minerals in exposed rock surfaces react with oxygen and rainwater to produce sulfuric acid.
Energy conservation The practice of reducing energy use to meet goals.
Nuclear energy The energy that holds these particles together in the nucleus.
Nuclear fission The splitting of an atoms nucleus into two smaller nuclei.
Nuclear reactor A nuclear power plant contains a __
Meltdown The fuel rods produced so much heat that they melted a condition known as __
Nuclear waste Nuclear power plants produce a __
Nuclear fusion Small nuclei of lightweight elements are forced together to form a heavier nucleus.
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