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26 Arch Learnathon 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What field studies past people through the objects, buildings, and traces they left behind? | Archaeology |
| What do archaeologists call a place where evidence of past human activity is found? | Archaeological site |
| What is the archaeological term for a tool, pot, or other object made or used by people? | Artifact |
| What do archaeologists call a human-made trace that stays in place, such as a hearth, ditch, or posthole? | Feature |
| What Latin term means an artifact is still where it was originally deposited? | In situ |
| What do archaeologists call a human-built rise made from soil or other material? | Mound |
| What is the broad term for a large human-made arrangement of earth or stone? | Earthwork |
| What kind of mound is shaped like an animal or other recognizable form? | Effigy mound |
| What kind of mound has a flat top that could support a building or public activity? | Platform mound |
| What Ohio earthwork is shaped like a giant snake? | Serpent Mound |
| What is a walled or ditched space that surrounds and marks off an area? | Enclosure |
| What defensive barrier was made from upright wooden posts? | Palisade |
| What term describes preparing or turning soil so crops can be planted? | Tillage |
| What is the practice of growing crops and raising domesticated animals? | Agriculture |
| What is the process by which people selectively change plants or animals over generations? | Domestication |
| What term describes how a community gets the food and resources it needs? | Subsistence |
| What is a place where people lived, either temporarily or for a long time? | Settlement |
| In what state is Cahokia located? | Illinois |
| What culture built Cahokia and many other large mound centers across the southeastern US? | Mississippian |
| What ancient site in the Jordan Valley is one of the earliest known permanent settlements? | Jericho |
| What small hand tool do archaeologists often use to remove soil carefully? | Trowel |
| What system helps archaeologists record the exact location of finds across a site? | Grid |
| What is the study of the layers of soil and material at a site? | Stratigraphy |
| In undisturbed soil, what principle helps archaeologists infer that lower layers are older? | Superposition |
| What is a single layer of soil or deposited material called? | Stratum |
| What kind of dating places artifacts in order by comparing them with other objects or layers? | Relative dating |
| What method estimates the age of once-living material by measuring radioactive carbon? | Radiocarbon dating |
| What pottery style gives the Jomon culture its name? | Cord-marked |
| Around what year did the first settlements appear in the Cahokia area? | 700 CE |
| What Kentucky site was looted in 1987 in a notorious case of grave desecration? | Slack Farm |
| What does the acronym NAGPRA stand for? | Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act |
| What do archaeologists call the group of artifacts and evidence recovered from a site? | Assemblage |
| What kind of analysis studies stone tools and the flakes left from making them? | Lithic analysis |
| What is the skill of shaping stone by striking flakes from it? | Flintknapping |
| What is a broken piece of pottery found at an archaeological site? | Potsherd |
| What is the process of returning ancestors and cultural items to Indigenous communities called? | Repatriation |
| What is the unauthorized digging up or removal of archaeological objects called? | Looting |
| What group of ancient mounds is preserved in Central Park in a city in northeast Kentucky? | Ashland mounds |
| What site in Turkey is famous for massive T-shaped stone pillars built by hunter-gatherers? | Gobekli Tepe |
| What early farming settlement in Türkiye is known for densely packed houses and wall paintings? | Catalhoyuk |
| What cave in France is famous for prehistoric paintings of animals? | Lascaux |
| What prehistoric stone monument in England includes a circle of standing stones? | Stonehenge |
| What Roman city was buried by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius? | Pompeii |
| What city in Jordan is famous for buildings carved into rose-colored rock? | Petra |
| What Inca site in Peru is located high in the Andes Mountains? | Machu Picchu |
| What Maya city in Mexico is famous for the pyramid called El Castillo? | Chichen Itza |
| What Cambodian archaeological complex includes a gigantic famous temple? | Angkor Wat |
| What ancient Mesopotamian city was once an important center in present-day Iraq? | Ur |
| What Egyptian site near Cairo includes the Great Pyramid of Khufu? | Giza |
| What ancient Greek city is famous for its hilltop Acropolis? | Athens |
| What ancient Indus Valley city in present-day Pakistan is known for its planned streets and drainage? | Mohenjo-daro |
| What ancient ceremonial center in Peru is known for stone architecture and carved heads? | Chavin |
| What ancient city in Mexico was nearby Tenochtitlan, but flourished long before Tenochtitlan? | Teotihuacan |
| What term describes the time before written records made by a particular society? | Prehistoric |
| What term describes the Americas before Columbus’s 1492 voyage? | Pre-Columbian |
| What term describes the original peoples of a region and their descendants? | Indigenous |
| What broad Kentucky archaeological period includes early hunter-gatherer communities after the Ice Age? | Archaic |
| What Kentucky period includes Adena earthworks and many burial mounds? | Woodland |
| People from what culture are especially known for building platform mounds? | Mississippian |
| What archaeological tradition is associated with many prehistoric villages in central and eastern Kentucky? | Fort Ancient |
| What archaeological tradition is associated with the village and mound at Duncannon in Madison County? | Fort Ancient |
| What farming system grows corn, beans, and squash together? | Three Sisters |
| What crop became a major food source for many Indigenous farming communities? | Maize |
| What ancient tradition built many earthen burial mounds in Kentucky and the Ohio Valley? | Adena |
| What broad tradition is associated with large earthworks and long-distance exchange across eastern North America? | Hopewell |
| What Kentucky state historic site preserves a large Mississippian village and its mounds? | Wickliffe Mounds |
| What large open area at Cahokia was used for public gatherings? | Grand Plaza |
| What Kentucky earthwork near Lexington is a circular enclosure beside Elkhorn Creek? | Mt. Horeb |
| In what Kentucky county is the Mt. Horeb earthwork? | Fayette County |
| What mound at Cahokia was the largest prehistoric earthwork in the Americas? | Monks Mound |
| What river does the Old Fort Earthworks overlook? | Ohio River |
| What Kentucky effigy mound in Boyd County is shaped like a serpent and made mostly of stones? | Stone Serpent |
| What river does Kentucky’s Stone Serpent Mound overlook? | Big Sandy |
| In what Kentucky county is the Stone Serpent Mound? | Boyd County |
| What Clark County, Kentucky, site is a circular ditched enclosure rather than a mound? | Earthwalker |
| About how many earthen mounds did Cahokia have at its peak? | 120 mounds |
| What Cahokia structures were made of posts arranged in circles and may have tracked the sun? | Woodhenges |
| What river helped connect Cahokia to important travel and trade routes? | Mississippi River |
| What part of Africa includes many important early human fossil and archaeological sites? | East Africa |
| What Tanzanian site is famous for ancient fossilized footprints of upright-walking hominins? | Laetoli |
| What is the nickname of the famous Australopithecus afarensis fossil found in Ethiopia? | Lucy |
| What should visitors do if they find an artifact at an archaeological site? | Leave it |
| What soil marks show where wooden posts once stood? | Postholes |
| What archaeological feature may have been used to store food or discard refuse? | Pit |
| What is a deposit of broken objects and food remains discarded by people? | Midden |
| What preservation approach protects an archaeological site by keeping it undisturbed? | In-place preservation |
| What should someone do with a possible archaeological object found on private land? | Report it |
| What term describes caring for archaeological sites so future generations can learn from them? | Stewardship |
| What practice involves organizing, describing, and safely storing artifacts for future study? | Curation |
| Which Kentucky national park became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981? | Mammoth Cave |
| Proof of indigenous exploration in Mammoth Cave dates back over ________ years. | 5000 |
| What Fort Ancient subperiod is dated about 1200–1700 CE? | Fort Ancient |
| Which Indigenous people were present in much of Kentucky during the early 1700s? | Shawnee and Cherokee |
| The controversy over Kentucky's name comes from whether it was a peaceful place or a place for impending _________ and ___________. | War, tragedy |
| Who is usually credited with recording the meaning of Kentucky's name? | Dragging Canoe |
| What Shawnee village served as an Indigenous diplomatic center in the 1740s and 1750s? | Lower Shawneetown |
| What river was Lower Shawneetown located beside? | Ohio River |
| Which two European powers held diplomatic contacts with Native groups at Lower Shawneetown? | France and England |
| What population did a 1751 eyewitness estimate for Lower Shawneetown? | 1,200 people |
| Lower Shawneetown was located in __________ county on the Ohio River. | Greenup |
| What 1775 treaty did Richard Henderson’s company negotiate with Cherokee leaders for lands that included much of present-day Kentucky? | Treaty of Sycamore Shoals |
Created by:
rockcastle