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HDF Ch. 7
Marriage: From Social Institution to Private Relationship
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Both same-sex and heterosexual couples say the top 3 reasons to marry: | love, lifelong commitment and companionship |
| Marriage Gap | married people earn on average 26% more income and hold 35% more net worth |
| In 2000, the Netherlands became the first country to allow | same-sex partners to marry |
| Even in the absence of law, communities throughout the world, represented by kindship groups or extended families, had claimed a stake on 2 important marriage and family functions: | 1. guaranteeing property rights and otherwise providing economically for family members 2. ensuring the responsible upbringing of children |
| Marriage marks the joining of | 2 kinship groups |
| Expectations of Sexual Exclusivity | spouses promise to have sexual relations only with each other; has been extended to emotional centrality -In Europe, requirement for women's sexual exclusivity is to maintain the patriarchal line of descent; bride's wedding ring symbolizes this |
| With regard to marriage, an emergent individualist orientation resulted in the following 3 interrelated developments: | 1. the authority of kin and extended family weakened 2. individuals began to find their own marriage partners 3. romantic love came to be associated with marriage |
| Kin | extended family includes parents and other relatives such as in-laws, grandparents, aunts and uncles, and cousins |
| Swinging | is a marriage arrangement in which couples exchange partners to engage in purely recreational sex |
| The arranged marriage system functioned not only to consolidate family property but also to | keep the family's traditions and value intact |
| Deinstitutionalization of Marriage | a situation in which time-honored family definitions and social norms associated with the marriage premise "count for far less" than in the past |
| Institutional Marriage | marriage as a social institution based on dutiful adherence to the marriage premise; strong social control of extended kin and community |
| Companionate Marriage | bound together by companionship, coupled with gendered division of labor, find pride in performing spousal and parenting role. "The American Dream" |
| Individualized Marriage | associated with postmodern family 4 characteristics: optional, spouses' roles are flexible-negotiable and renegotiable, its expected rewards involve love, communication, and emotional intimacy, exists in conjunction with a vast diversity of family forms |
| Policies from the Family Decline Perspective | the causes are cultural: self-indulgent attitudes and values focused on short-term gratification to the detriment of marital commitment and responsible childbearing -decline policy makers tend to be conservative |
| Role-Making | refers to personalizing a role by modifying or adjusting the expectations and obligations traditionally associated with it |
| A couple's task in early marriage to | begin to identify as a committed couple and to fashion their connection -thus, role-making in the first yrs. together involves creating an identity as a couple |
| Marital Sanctification | encourages partners to see their marriages as ordained by God and hence of divine significance -promotes couple bonding, fosters positive emotions and diminishes negative ones |
| The marriage situation in the U. S and other industrialized nations has witnessed 2 developments over recent decades: | 1. fewer adults are marrying 2. LGBTQIA+ couples won the right to legal same-sex marriage on June 26, 2015 |
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